利用簡單重複序列標記建立胡麻品種鑑別技術與胡麻臺南一號種原純化

Variety identification of sesame cultivars and TN1 purification based on simple sequence repeat markers

王聖善(Wang, S. S.) ； 黃涵靈(H. L. Huang) ； 楊藹華(A. H. Yang)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 70期 (2017/12) Pp. 24-32

摘要

胡麻為臺灣常見食用油料作物，近年來基於本土意識抬頭，許多胡麻加工農產品紛紛標榜為臺灣國產胡麻製造，因此，如何避免國內胡麻相關產品摻雜摻偽是目前急待解決之問題。本研究選取92個簡單重複性序列（SSR）分子標誌，針對16個國內外胡麻參試品種進行初步篩選，經PCR反應與瓊酯膠體電泳分析結果顯示，22組標誌於參試品種間具多型性。為了進一步建立精確之胡麻DNA指紋圖譜資訊，本研究將22組具多型性的分子標誌進行引子的螢光修飾，並針對3個臺灣品種與44個國外品種進行連鎖聚合酶反應後，再以ABI-3730毛細管電泳進行片段長度分析。結果顯示，12組分子標誌具有高PIC值與低殘跡條帶等優良特性，適合作為胡麻DNA品種鑑定之分子標誌。此外，本研究藉由上述的12組分子標誌分析95株胡麻臺南一號原種植株，獲得67株基因型與外表型一致之個體，可作為未來胡麻臺南一號之基本種種子，以供應國內農民優良胡麻種原。現有技術：胡麻臺南一號為目前臺灣胡麻種植的主流品種，但因育成年代久遠，長期缺乏良種繁殖制度，導致種原混雜嚴重。目前臺灣地區並無胡麻DNA品種鑑定技術的開發，因此無法以基因型檢測方法進行胡麻品種鑑別與種原純化。創新內容：本研究藉由簡單重複性序列標誌建立胡麻DNA品種鑑別技術，並藉由此技術純化胡麻臺南一號種原。對產業影響：此技術可提供胡麻加工業者自行控管於國內所收購之胡麻種子純度，避免摻雜摻偽情況發生。藉由此技術，我們純化了胡麻臺南一號種原，未來可供應國內農民優良胡麻種原，提升國產胡麻品質。

關鍵字

胡麻 ； 品種鑑定 ； 多重聚合酶連鎖反應

並列摘要

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is one of the most important oil crops in Taiwan. In order to establish a varietal verification system of sesame, 92 sesame SSR markers were selected from previous studies and analyzed with 16 cultivars. The result indicated that 22 SSR markers presented polymorphism among cultivars. To get accurate fingerprinting databases, 47 sesame cultivars were amplified with 22 polymorphic markers and assayed by using ABI-3730 capillary sequencing analysis. Eventually, 12 markers with low stutter band and high PIC value have acquired for variety identification of sesame cultivars. To purify the basic seeds of sesame cultivar (TN1), 95 individuals were assayed with 12 polymorphic markers. Our result revealed that 67 individuals showed identical pattern among 12 markers. All of them will be harvested and created as basic seeds of TN1. What is already known on this subject? No variety identification system of sesame cultivars by using DNA-based technology has been developed in Taiwan. What are the new findings? In this study, we established a variety identification system of sesame cultivars based on simple sequence repeat markers, and purified the basic seeds of sesame cultivar (TN1) by using our variety identification system. What is the expected impact on this field? With this variety identification system, food processing companies could control the quality of sesame material and prevent adulteration.

並列關鍵字

Sesame ； Variety Identification ； Multiplex-PCR