臺南區農民學院學員從農風險評估與訓練成效分析

Farming risk assessment and training effectiveness analysis of the members of the Farmers' Academy in Tainan

李郁淳(Lee, Y. C.) ； 李苡禎(Y. C. Lee)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 74期 (2019/12) Pp. 83-99

摘要

行政院農業委員會於民國100年成立農民學院農業專業訓練課程，以培育新農民及專業農民的農業專業能力為主，為達到農民學院系統性培育農民之目標，亦鑑於有限之訓練資源應著重於標的族群，避免訓練資源的浪費，因此學員篩選機制相對重要，從農風險承受度高者，極需授予正確之農業知識及技術等農業專業訓練，以降低其從農之失敗率，提高其從農成功率，進而達到提高留農率之目標。綜整107年度農民學院錄訓學員風險評估之研究結果，顯著影響從農風險承受度分數之因子計有可投入農業資金、擁有的土地面積、年齡、教育程度、從農經驗、從農目的、生產方式、種植品項、可接受價格波動、可承受投資損失比例、農損對生活影響度、農損超過預設停損之處置方式、資金可支撐幾個月農場開支、期望農業報酬率、加入農民組織數量及原因等18項因子，未來可將上述因子列入農民學院報名系統之篩選機制；另性別、是否為農二代、農科系、經濟主要來源、偏好作物、獲利多少會再投資等計6項因子，對於從農風險分數則不具顯著影響因子，則毋需列入農民學院報名系統之篩選機制中。期透過篩選機制之調整，能提高學員訓練成效及從農率，並避免訓練資源的浪費，以利於後續農業人才培育課程規劃與相關政策推動。現有技術：以農民學院報名者之報名資料做為學員錄訓之篩選機制，缺乏學員從農風險評估數據，易造成訓練資源之浪費。創新內容：給予農民學院錄訓學員施以從農風險評估問卷，並進行訓練成效分析，做為未來學員篩選機制之依據之一，期能提高學員訓練成效及從農率。對產業影響：避免農業教育訓練資源的浪費，以利於後續農業人才培育課程規劃與相關政策推動。

關鍵字

農民學院 ； 訓練成效 ； 風險評估

並列摘要

In order to solve the problems of youth capital flight and population aging that have long faced agricultural villages in Taiwan, and to comprehensively enhance the quality of agricultural manpower, the Council of Agriculture of Executive Yuan established The Farmers' Academy in 2011, which aims at training new farmers and transferring agricultural skills to full-time farmers. Systematic courses have been planned to achieve the Academy's goal of systematically training the farmers. In light of the fact that limited resources should be used mainly on the subject group in order to avoid the waste of them, the selection of the members of the Academy is quite important. Those who can bear farming risks better are in desperate need of accurate agricultural knowledge and techniques in order to reduce the rates of their facing failures and the degrees of their failures, and enhance the rates of their farming successes and the rates of retaining talent. In summary of the research results of the risk assessments of the Academy's members of 2018, the factors that have a significant influence on farming risk bearing include capital, land area, age, education level, farming experience, farming goal, production method, cultivation items, acceptable price fluctuation, acceptable investment loss ratio, the effects of crop loss on farmers' living, ways of dealing with crop losses that exceed predetermined stop loss limit, how many months the capital can last to cover the expenses, expected rate of return, the numbers of farmers' associations the farmers join in and their reasons of joining, etc. In the future, the above-mentioned factors can be included in the selection mechanism of the Farmers' Academy Application System. On the other hand, the following six factors such as gender, whether or not the farmer takes over the farm as the second generation, whether or not the farmer has received farming education, the main source of income, preference for crops and how much profit encourages the farmer to re-invest have no significant influence on the fraction of farming risks, and should not be included in the selection mechanism. In hopes of adjusting the selection mechanism, training effectiveness and the ratio of people choosing farming can be enhanced and the waste of training resources can be avoided, so as to benefit the curriculum planning for cultivating farming talent and launching relevant policies in the future. What is already known on this subject? Currently, the materials submitted by the applicants to The Farmers' Academy are used as the selection mechanism for admitting and training members, which lacks in farming risk assessment and a waste of training resources therefore tends to happen. What are the new findings? Farming risk assessment and training effectiveness analysis should be included in the selection mechanism in the future, so as to enhance training effectiveness and the ratio of the members becoming farmers. What is the expected impact on this field? The waste of training resources can be avoided, so as to benefit the curriculum planning for cultivating farming talent and launching relevant policies in the future.

並列關鍵字

Farmers' Academy ； Training effectiveness ； Risk assessment