文化資產、大學社會責任與公共人類學：以拉庫拉庫溪流域布農族石板家屋修復計畫為例

拉庫拉庫溪流域布農族佳心舊社在2020年被登錄為文化景觀，以此該地擁有文化資產的身份。一方面這是肯定國立臺東大學南島文化中心從2017年至2018年在佳心舊社進行具有有形文化資產價值的布農族石板屋修復的成果；另一方面則可以視為是該項文化資產的里程碑，以此「如何永續經營？」成為未來重要的課題。本文是建立在筆者長期投入在相關計畫（2017-2021）的田野調查與反思參與經驗的基礎上，說明南島文化中心如何因為大學社會實踐的發展脈絡而投入在文化資產修復的歷程，並闡明該中心成員如何藉由公共人類學的實踐、運用解殖民研究方法，從反思性的角度思考這項具有公共人類學實踐意涵的當代意義。近年在原住民社區內的文化資產維護管理相當強調在地社群的參與，藉此賦權在地社會並讓在地社群護衛在地文化；在這樣的發展脈絡，相信本文檢視和反思佳心舊社文化資產修復的歷程，將會有助於當代臺灣原住民和布農族未來的文化、社會和經濟發展。

關鍵字

大學社會實踐；公共人類學；解殖民研究；文化景觀；布農族石板屋

並列摘要

Based on the experiences of working with Bunun people to renovate a historical stone house in mountain areas, this paper reflects on the role of the university, as a social actor, involving in programs of cultural heritage conservation. The Center of Austronesian Studies, an academic institute at National Taitung University, initiated to carry out a program of the stone house renovation in mountain areas in Bunun society in 2017 and achieved its goal in 2018. Bunun people is one of the indigenous groups in Taiwan. During the period of the Japanese Colonialism, Bunun people were forced by the government to leave from their living areas in the mountain to the reservation areas in the plaint since 1930. Their stone houses in the original areas have consequently been ruined, and building stone houses culture and skills have also been vanishing in the contemporary Bunun society. In this social and historical context, the program of the renovating stone house in Bunun society is not only a practices of the university social responsibility, but also can be regarded as a project of the decolonialization. In this paper, I discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the academic institute engaging in the management and renovation of the cultural heritage in indigenous societies. In addition, this paper also describes how the anthropologists in the center of Austronesian Studies theoretically and methodologically use public anthropology and anthropological studies of the Bunun society to deal with challenges in the process of the renovation.