蔬菜清洗機之引進及機械性能評估研究

Evaluation Study on the Performance of Imported Washing Machine for Vegetable

張金發(Çhin-Fa Chang)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 17期 (1994/06) Pp. 30-38

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.199406.0004

摘要

本研究目的在探討日本引進之佐騰SJX-72S型蔬菜清洗機在本省之適用性，本機係利用噴射式高壓霧狀水流清洗原理，配合72個螺狀排列之噴嘴，作多方向及多角度之清洗，可應用於多種蔬菜之清洗，根莖類蔬菜如蘿蔔、蔥、蒜、芹菜等，葉菜類蔬菜如小白菜、萵苣、青梗白菜、菠菜、空心菜等，並可依據清洗蔬菜之種類調整壓力，清洗效果良好。本機最理想之高壓噴霧水流壓力為1.5 kg/cm^2，當輸送帶前進速度為5.12 m/min之條件下清洗白菜，其清洗率達92%，清洗效率每小時可達280公斤，比人工清洗每小時30公斤快約9.33倍，機械清洗效率高，且清洗率符合一般市場要求之標準，由成本分析得知，機械清洗每100公斤之成本為201.66元較人工清洗每100公斤成本480.77元可節省279.11元。就以機械清洗效率每天平均達1,944公斤計算，可節省5,412元，建議改良清洗機後端加設結束機及稱重裝置，以便搬運，使蔬菜自清洗、稱重、結束、包裝為一貫機械化作業。

關鍵字

清洗機 ； 蔬菜

並列摘要

In Taiwan, most of leaf vegetables are still washed by man power before delivering to the markets. Due to the labor shortage and the increase of labor wage, vegetable cleaning gradually becomes a heavy task of vegetable production in Taiwan. In order to solve the emergent problem a Japanese made vegetable cleaning machine (SJX-72 S) was imported for its feasibility study in Taiwan. The machine, equiped with 72 spiral arranged nuzzles, utilized high presure foggy water to clean the vegetable with multiple directions. The stream pressure could be adjusted for cleaning different kinds of vegetables. The results of the test showed that when water pres-sure adjusted to 1.5kg/cm^2 and feeding speed adjusted to 5.12 m/min, Pei-tsai could be cleaned 280 kg per hour which was 9.33 times faster than that by man power. The cleaning rate of the machine for pei-tsai could reach 92% and the quality after cleaning could also meet the market-s' needs. Most of leaf vegetables such as pei-tsai, lettuce and water convolvulus etc, could be clerned by the machine.

並列關鍵字

Washing machine ； Vegetable