酸性紅壤中洋香瓜磷鉀肥施用量之探討

本研究旨在探討酸性紅壤中栽培洋香瓜之適當磷、鉀肥施用量，在固定施用N 150 kg/ha下，將P2O5及K2O施用量分為130、180、230 kg/ha三級，在1992及1993年春作田間試驗，結果顯示：施用P2O5 230 kg/ha及K2O 180、230 kg/ha表現最好，產量為29.6～30.4 ton/ha，與P2O5-K2O=130-130 kg/ha處理區（對照）比較，二年平均可增產20%及24%，差異達5%顯著水準；甜度為11.8～12.4 °Brix，比對照區多0.9～1.5 °Brix；平均單果重為1.16～1.24 kg，與對照區相近；增施磷肥確可提高瓜果產量及促進著果率，但對單果重及甜度並無明顯效應，而鉀肥對產量之效應不如磷肥顯著，可見在酸性紅壤中，磷肥確為栽培洋香瓜的一大限制因子；但栽培土壤中前作殘留的有效性養分含量，也會影響施肥之適當量，因此在考慮肥料的施用量上，必需參考土壤肥力性質之因素，再加以深入探討，才能更正確地施肥管理。

關鍵字

酸性紅壤；洋香瓜；磷肥；鉀肥；施肥管理

並列摘要

The field experiment was conducted an acid red soil in 1992 and 1993 to study the effect of P, K-fertilizers on muskmelon yield and quality. The treatments at three rates of P2O5 and K2O applied with 130, 180 and 230 kg/ha, respectively. Nitrogen at a rate of 150 kg/ha was broadcasted on all plots. Data showed that the higher yields (28.8 and 30.5 ton/ha), sweetness (11.8-12.4 ˚Brix) and fruit weight (1.16~1.24 kg/fruit) were observed in the plots applied with P2O5 230 kg/ha and K2O 180-230 kg/ha. The average yields increased significantly in both years by 20% and 24% compared with the treatment of P2O5-K2O=130-130. Muskmelon fruit numbers and yields were increased significantly by P-fertilizer but not increased by K-fertilizer application. Increasing the P-fertilizer rate had no significant effect on fruit weight and sweetness. However, application rate of P-fertilizer appeared an important factor in muskmelon cultivated on acid red soil. Because of the contents of available nutrition in soil before planting also affect muskmelon reponse to application of fertilizer. To estimate fertilizer requirements, the cultivated soil fertility must be considered.

並列關鍵字

Acid red soil ； Muskmelon ； P-fertilizer ； K-fertilizer

國際替代計量

酸性紅壤中洋香瓜磷鉀肥施用量之探討

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