有機綠竹園放養肉鵝對土壤性質、竹筍產量及雜草控制影響研究

Study on the Influence of Weed Control, Soil Properties and Yield of Bamboo Shoots after Raising the Different Densities of Geese in Green Bamboo Plot

顏勝雄(Sheng-Hsiung Yen)

《桃園區農業改良場研究彙報》 71期 (2012/06) Pp. 47-56

https://doi.org/10.29567/ZHWHGX.201206.0004

摘要

本研究旨在探討有機栽培綠竹園放養不同密度肉鵝對土壤養分、竹筍生產及雜草控制之影響。試驗於桃園區農業改良場臺北分場綠竹園進行，以3年生每叢6-8支綠竹為試驗材料，每小區分別放養鵝4隻、6隻及8隻，以不放養為對照。試驗結果顯示，試驗後各處理區土壤pH值均較試驗前提高、EC值則下降，有機質、Bray-1磷及有效性鉀含量處理間未達顯著差異，有效性鈣及鎂含量以未放養區最低，達顯著差異。綠竹筍產量以放養6隻鵝處理3,348 kg ha^(-1)最高，而以放養8隻鵝處理3,168 kg ha^(-1)最低，產筍數則以放養4隻鵝處理每公頃16,778支最高，未放養處理15,556支最低，但處理間未達顯著差異，顯示放養密度不影響竹筍產量及產筍數。放養肉鵝處理試區地面均無雜草，未放養處理區則需除草2次。飼養結束後放養4隻、6隻及8隻鵝處理之鵝重量處理間無顯著差異，顯示放養密度不影響鵝之增重。綜合本試驗結果顯示，有機栽培綠竹園放養肉鵝，其糞便可提高土壤酸鹼度，增加土壤磷、鉀、鈣及鎂等元素含量，對土壤肥力有正面效應，放養之肉鵝於園中啄食或踩踏，對雜草之抑制亦有正面效應，成鵝販售可增加農家收入。

關鍵字

綠竹 ； 有機栽培 ； 放牧 ； 鵝

並列摘要

This experiment was conducted to study the influence on soil properties, weed control and yield of bamboo shoots after raising the different densities of geese in green bamboo garden with 6-8 culms per bush from June 1 to August 25 in 2011 at Taipei Branch Station, Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station. The treatments included raising geese at the densities of 4, 6 and 8 heads in a plot of 120 m^2. The soil was analyzed before and after study. The results showed that, the pH of the soil after raising increased and EC decreased in all treatments. The organic matter contents, Bray-1 P and Mehlich I extractable K contents had no significant difference among treatments and the Mehlich I extractable Ca and Mg contents decreased compared to control after raising. The highest total yield of bamboo shoots was 3,348 kg ha^(-1) obtained from the plot raising 6 geese and the lowest one was 3,168 kg ha^(-1) from the plot raising 8 geese. The highest total number of bamboo shoots produced from the plot raising 4 geese was 16,778 shoots ha^(-1) and the lowest one was 15,556 shoots ha^(-1) from the control plot. However, both of them were not significant. It suggested that these densities may not affect the yield of green bamboo. There were no weeds on the ground in all geese raised plot. It needed to remove weeds 2 times during the trial period in the control plot. The increase of weight of geese was not significant among treatments after trial. It means that the densities didn't affect geese weight. In conclusion, there were positive effects on soil fertility and weeds control by raising geese in organic green bamboo plots. Moreover, farmers' income can increase by selling geese.

並列關鍵字

green bamboo (bambusa oldhamii Munro) ； organic culture ； pasture ； goose