利用稉稻雜交族群進行不同氮肥環境下抽穗期、株高、產量及其構成要素之數量性狀基因座之定位分析

農作物性狀的表現受到遺傳控制與外在栽培環境共同作用，株高、抽穗期及產量等重要農藝性狀易受到栽培期間之肥力條件等環境因子影響。本試驗為瞭解不同氮肥用量條件下，影響水稻抽穗期、株高、產量與相關構成要素之數量性狀基因座（QTL）是否不同，乃利用稉稻品種之雜交組合（越光／台農67號）所建立之F_2衍生系族群，於2012年一期作種植在二種氮肥條件下，調查抽穗期、株高、產量及其構成要素，並且進行QTL定位。以概度對數值（LOD）設為2.0的條件下，可在120 kg ha^(-1)（N1）之氮素環境測得22個與上述性狀表現相關之QTL，而在氮素環境為200 kg ha^(-1)（N2）時則測得29個QTL。本試驗所有定位得到之QTL中，有6個均在不同氮肥環境測得，其中qPH-2位於第2條染色體41 cM附近、qPH-7位第7條染色體80 cM 附近、qSN-9位第9條染色體79 cM附近，與qHD-10、qPH-10及qSN-10位第10條染色體63 cM附近。qHD-10在二種氮肥處理下對抽穗期變異解釋率為13.1~29.0%，影響抽穗時間3.34～5.47天；qPH-2、qPH-7及qPH-10影響株高變異可達10.2~22.4%，各別影響株高1.43~4.89 cm；而qSN-9與qSN-10則對每穗粒數之變異相關性為9.6~15.6%，各別影響每穗粒數4.15~9.14粒。此6個QTL不易受栽培環境之氮肥差異所影響，因此可作為選拔適合不同氮肥環境品系之選拔指標。

關鍵字

產量構成要素；數量性狀基因座；基因定位；環境效應

並列摘要

Agronomically important traits, such as plant height and yield, are commonly influenced by sunshine, temperature, fertility conditions, water supply and other environmental conditions. QTL mapping of these traits would be complex by environmental factors. To investigate QTLs controlling heading date, plant height, yield and its components under two different nitrogen fertilizer cultivations, the experiment was conducted in first cropping season in 2012. A total of 102 F2-derived lines established by a cross between Koshihikari and Tainung 67 were employed and above mentioned traits were investigated under two nitrogen fertilizer condition (120 kg ha^(-1), N1; 200 kg ha^(-1), N2). A LOD (likelihood ratio of odds) score of 2.0 was used as the threshold for detecting QTLs in this study. A total of 22 and 29 QTLs were mapped for seven traits under N1 and N2 conditions, respectively. Among these QTLs, six of them were stably performed under two nitrogen treatment conditions. qPH-2 were mapped at 41cM on chromosome 2, qPH-7 were mapped at 80cM on chromosome 7, qPH-9 were mapped at 79 cM on chromosome 9, and qHD-10, qPH-10, and qSN-10 were located at 63cM on chromosome10. Phenotypic variance explainded (PVE) value were 13.1 to 29.0 %. qHD-10 could affect 3.34 to 5.47 days for headind date under two nitrogen environments. PVE of qPH-2, qPH-7, and qPH-10 were 10.2~22.4% for plant height which could influence 1.43~4.89 cm in the population. PVE of qSN-9 and qSN-10 were 9.6~15.6% and could affecte 4.15~9.14 spikelets per panicle. A total of six QTLs were common among different nitrogen fertilizer environments, therefore, these QTLs would be useful as selection index in rice breeding process.

並列關鍵字

yield components ； quantitative trait loci (QTL) ； gene mapping ； environmental effect

國際替代計量

利用稉稻雜交族群進行不同氮肥環境下抽穗期、株高、產量及其構成要素之數量性狀基因座之定位分析

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