高雄市學齡前兒童蟯蟲病防治研究

隨機選取高雄市五家幼稚園，分成五組進行蟯蟲病防治研究，分別為兒童藥物治療組〈第Ⅰ組〉、兒童及家人藥物治療組〈第Ⅱ組〉、兒童藥物治療並施以衛生教育組〈第Ⅲ組〉、兒童及家人藥物治療並施以衛生教育組〈第Ⅳ組〉和對照組〈第Ⅴ組〉。自1985年9月至1986年1月，每個月定期以連續兩天玻璃膠紙肛圍擦拭法〈two-consecutive-day adhesive cellophane paper perianal swabs〉檢查兒童蟯蟲的感染情形，以評估其防治效果。結果除對照組外，藥物治療後第一個月各組感染率在0-1.2%之間，均急劇下降；而在第Ⅰ組於防治後第二個月敢染率30.2%幾乎增加到防治前的31.4%，第Ⅱ組於防治後第四個月感染率22.1%約等於防治前23.0%，第Ⅲ組於防治後第四個月感染率22.8%低於防治前27.9%，第Ⅳ組於防治後第四個月感染率21.3%也低於防治前27.1%，對照組觀察五個月的感染率自34.1%增至40.2%。防治效果以防治後和防治前感染率的差值作比較，以施以衛生教育的兩組兒童〈第Ⅲ和Ⅳ組〉其防治效果較優。

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並列摘要

Pinworm is one of the most common intestinal nematode parasites of children in Taiwan. To compare the effectiveness of control measures by means of health education and blanket treatment. Control studies were carried out from September, 1985 to Jaunary, 1986 Children from 5 kindergartens in Kaohsiung City were randomly divided into 5 groups, and monthly examination by adhesive cellophane paper perianal swabs collected on two consecutive days were performed for 5 months. All children, except the control group, received one dose of 10 mg mebendazole treatment in September 1985 after the first examination. Health education of children and their family members was made according to the group under different control measures. Infection rates of the five groups before control were between 23.0%and 34.1%. In the follow up examination one month after blanket treatment, the rates of the 4 treated groups markedly declined from 31.4% to less than 1.2%, however, the rates gradually increased to considerable levels by the end of study period. The infection rate of GroupⅠ(children receiving only one blanket treatment) two months after treatment increased to 30.2% which was almost the same as the pre-treatment level 31.4% while the rate of GroupⅡ(both children and their family members receiving one blanket treatment)had gradually increased from 0.9% in the first month and reached the pre-treatment rate (23.0%) in the fourth month (22.1%) after treatment. The infection rates of GroupⅢ(children receiving blanket treatment and health education under monthly home visit) remained at 22.8% and 21.3% which were below the approaches resulted in better control than that of other groups; however, the infection rates in these groups still continued to gradually increase even after emphasis on health education. The control of this parasite infection in children on Taiwan, still requires further investigation. For the control of pinworm infection among pre-schoolchildren, the following is recommended, a.Mass treatment: Periodic mass treatment after one blanket treatment with a single dose of 10 mg mebendazole. b.Health education: For the personal hygiene, mothers should be well-educated with respect to Enterobius vermicularis and taught to clean thoroughly the perianus and other body parts of their children, in addition to encouraging the children to sleep independently.

並列關鍵字

enterobiasis ； enterobiasis control children's pinworm control

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高雄市學齡前兒童蟯蟲病防治研究

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