蘇力菌(Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki)對埃及斑蚊(Aedes aegypti)幼期發育之毒性效應

Toxic Effects of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki to the Immature Stage of Aedes Aegypti

陳維鈞(Wei-June Chen)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 4卷11期 (1988/11) Pp. 627-632

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.198811.0627

摘要

以蘇力菌(Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki)處理高雄品系埃及玟蚊(Aedes aegypti)四齡幼蟲，得知處理劑量與處理時間對於死亡率均有顯著之效應。比較各觀察期之半數致死劑量(LD50)，發現24小時內，蘇力菌對於此蚊之致死力甚差。若以3×109spores／ml之劑量處理，則可以獲致100%之致死率。此外，感染蘇力菌而存活之埃及斑蚊幼蟲，其化蛹率及羽化率均隨處理劑量之增加而明顯受到抑制。

並列摘要

Aedes aegypti is a vector of yellow fever, dengue fever including DHF/DSS, and Chikungunya. The mosquito is easily found throughout the year in southern Taiwan, however its population is much lower during the winter. With the consideration of pesticide resistance, safety, and environmental quality, treatment with Bacillus thuringiensis, a spore-forming bacteria, has become the agent of choice for control of mosquitoes. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki was selected for the experiments conducted in this study. The mosquitoes which died of infection of B. t. var. kurstaki were initially partially darkened in appearance then entirely.
Analysis of mortality with analysis of variance, showed that both the dosage of the bacteria and the time of exposure to feeding were significant as lethal factors to Ae. Aegypti (p＜0.01). The higher the dosage, the higher the mortality; and the longer the exposure time, the higher the mortality. Comparing the LD50s of four exposure times, it was shown that results were effective in controlling mosquitoes only if more than 36 hours had elapsed after exposure to feeding. In addition to killing effect on the larvae of Ae. Aegypti, the present results also revealed that infection with B. t. var. kurstaki was a limiting factor for pupation and emergence. Both the pupation and the emergence rates were proportionally lowered by the increase of dosages of the bacteria.

並列關鍵字

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ； Aedes aegypti ； toxic effect