The Patterns of Dental Caries of Preschool Children in Kaohsiung City Taiwan

為了瞭解齲齒的型態，我們對在台灣高雄的1,654個3至6歲學齡前兒童的齲齒分佈及嚴重性做研究。其結果如下：在每個年齡層，齲齒在上顎比下顎多，而下顎孚牙第二大臼齒齲率最高，其次是上顎孚牙中切齒。在每個年齡層，上顎齲齒面的分佈皆以乳臼齒的咬合面、乳犬齒的唇面、乳切齒的近心面和唇面最多；下顎孚臼齒的齲齒面類似上顎的，下顎乳犬齒的近遠心面的齲蝕比其他的下顎牙齒還多。3歲兒童的蛀牙特徵是6顆上顎前牙的唇面齲蝕而下顎前牙完好，資似奶瓶性蛀牙；此階段的蛀牙多侵蝕在琺瑯質，到了5至6歲開始牙本質齲蝕及牙髓的暴露，並蔓延至多面齲蝕。所以我們建議6、18、30個月大要接受預防接種的幼兒，應該同時接受口腔檢查，且應教導義母預防奶瓶性蛀牙的步驟和口腔衛生指導。對3歲已有齲齒的兒童，兒童牙科醫師和一般牙醫師應恐致力於增加這些齲齒的真補率。

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並列摘要

In order to understand caries patterns, we investigated the severity of caries and the distribution of decayed teeth in 1,654 preschool children aged 3-6 years old in Kaohsiu-ng, Taiwan. The results of our investigation were as follows: the lower second molars had the highest percentage of caries followed by the upper central incisors in the deci-duous teeth. The distribution of decayed surfaces in the upper dentition indicated that the occlusal surface of molars, the labial surface of canines, and the mesial and labial surfaces of incisors had relatively high percentages of caries in all age groups. In the 3 year-old children, labial caries on the four upper anterior teeth and no caries in the lo-wer anterior teeth is basically similar to baby bottle tooth decay. Most caries remained in the enamel at this stage. Dentin caries and pulp involved caries became more complex and multiple surfaces were involved n both 5 and 6 year-old children. We therefore su-ggest that 6, 18, and 30 month-old babies, at the time of vaccination, should have an oral examination as well, and the preention program for baby bottle tooth decay plus oral hygiene instructions should also be given to the parents. Dentists, pediatricians, gynecologists, and family doctors should all participate in the prevention program agai-nst baby bottle tooth decay. For 3 year-old children who already have caries, increasing the filling rate for them should be a very important thing to do for pedodontic specialists and general dental practitioners alike.

並列關鍵字

preschool children ； severity of caries ； distribtion of decayed teeth

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The Patterns of Dental Caries of Preschool Children in Kaohsiung City Taiwan

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