翡翠水庫魚類相變化與水質關係探討（2）

The Relationship between Variations of the Fish Fauna and Water Quality of the Feitsui Reservoir in Taiwan (2)

侯文祥(Wen-Shang Hou) ； 陳以容(Yi-Ron Chen) ； 許棖曜(Chang-Yao Hsu) ； 劉軒榮(Yao- Hsu Liu)

《農業工程學報》 56卷3期 (2010/09) Pp. 74-84

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201009.0007

摘要

湖泊水庫水質之管理一直是水庫管理單位極為重視的部份。近十年來「生物控制水質管理法」逐漸受到國外重視，係以人為方式改變湖泊水庫內魚類相的組成，再利用魚類的食性關係，控制浮游生物相的群聚結構，以達到水質淨化目的。本研究自2006年6月至2008年11月調查翡翠水庫內魚類相共15次，依據所捕獲魚種重量、尾數、密度，分析優勢種的改變、季節別與水域別的魚類相變化，與各季節的總磷、葉綠素a、透明度、藻數量等四項水質因子進行相關性分析，研究不同水域魚種數量變化與水質之關係，並探討翡翠水庫日後施行「生物控制水質管理法」之可行性。本文以翡翠水庫捕獲的優勢魚種中，以鯉科為主的黑鰱、高身鯽、紅鰭鮊、□條、吳郭魚共五種魚類作為特定魚種，分析特定魚種與水質的相關性。採用Pearson相關分析法進行水庫水質與特定魚種之相關驗證。從分析結果得知鯉科魚類與水質之相關性如下：鯉科魚類族群數量高低，對總磷濃度、葉綠素-a及藻類數量並無明顯的相關性。而肉食性魚類在群聚數量較高水域，透明度有偏低的現象。依不同魚種與水質的相關性顯示，黑鰱與高身鯽的數量與總磷、藻類個數呈現負相關，對於減少翡翠水庫藻類數量有正面助益。而吳郭魚數量與藻類個數呈正相關。

關鍵字

生物控制水質管理法 ； 魚類相變化 ； 優養化 ； 翡翠水庫

並列摘要

Lake and reservoir restoration is a major issue in water quality management in the reservoir administrative. The biomanipulation is paid attention to gradually in the past ten years. In this context biomanipulation is considered an important tool following the reduction of the nutrient load. We present a new conceptual framework and try to quantify the productivity level below which predator control of the fish population, occurs. It have had successively biology monitored plan since June 2006 to November 2008, the fifteen times investigates the varieties of the fish and study the relation between the variations of fish mass and water quality in order to offer one of the sustainable use references for the Feitsui Reservoir administrations. The framework is used to explain the eutrophication process, which is described as a series of stages between which shifts in community structure including the dominant piscivorous fish species occurred. Furthermore, based on the framework some predictions and methods for ecological rehabilitation will be presented. This research with the larger cyprinids Aristichthys nobilis, Carassius cuvieri, Culter erythropterus, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Oreochromis sp species in Feitsui Reservoir. As for the different fingerling and water quality of the relevance of the show, Carassius cuvieri the number and total phosphorus, number of algae showed a negative correlation, by the analyzing the feeding habit reveal that reducing the algae of number have positive benefits in Reservoir. However, the number of Oreochromis sp and algae was positively correlated.

並列關鍵字

Biomanipulation ； Fish fauna ； Eutrophication ； Feitsui Reservoir