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供水穩定性指標評估之研究

Study on the Stability Criteria for Water Supply System Evaluation

摘要


經濟發展與人類活動使得用水需求增加,且提高供水系統之風險。本研究以多評準決策中的簡單加權法評估台灣主要流域供水系統之穩定性,研究範疇界定為集水區上游水環境到淨水場取水端。本研究分別從供給及需求兩個面向探討供水穩定性,經文獻分析及專家效度問卷綜合評估結果,選出兩個面向五個指標,分別為供水面向的水文降雨因子(豐枯比)、地文因子(崩塌率)、淨水場操作(停供門檻)與需水面向的人口密度因子和用水量因子。本研究結果顯示: 若從供水面向來看,淡水河流域供水系統之穩定性較佳,若從需水面向來看,則是濁水溪流域供水系統之穩定性較佳,而由綜合評估結果可知,台灣主要流域以濁水溪流域供水系統之穩定性較佳。

並列摘要


Economic development and human activity increase the demand of water uses and the risk of water supply systems. This study applies simple additive weighting method, a popular method in multiple criteria analysis, to assess the stability of the water supply systems of the main basins in Taiwan. This study discusses five criteria in the supply phase and the demand phase. The criteria are precipitation ratio, area percentage of landslide, water treatment performance, population density, and daily water use per person. The results show that the stability of the water supply system of the Choshui River Basin is higher than those of the other four basins in Taiwan.

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