生物整治對南部某氯烯類汙染地下水中關鍵微生物與污染物之影響

Bioremediation Effect on Key Microorganisms and Targeted Pollutants in the Chlorinated Ethenes Contaminated Groundwater in South Taiwan

鄭嘉俊(Jia-Jun Tee) ； 莊蕙萍(Hui-Ping Chuang) ； 黃良銘(Liang-Ming Whang) ； 林財富(Tsair-Fuh Lin)

《農業工程學報》 63卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 42-49

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201703_63(1).0006

摘要

氯烯類化合物為土壤地下水中常見污染物之一，以厭氧脫鹵機制為主的生物復育工法，為目前污染場址重要整治技術。為了解該類型污染場址之生物處理的可行性與有效性，本研究利用SybrGreen-qPCR 法來評估台灣南部某污染場址於兩年觀察期間，兩個關鍵菌群之數量及其與氯烯類濃度分佈之相關性。研究場址中高濃度氯乙烯類的區域濃度降低達90%以上，且同時觀察到污染物隨著地下水流向重新分佈。微生物分析結果顯示，Desulfitobacterium 屬自整治前七個月的10^2 ~ 10^4 Copies/Lgroundwater 增加至整治後的10^4 ~ 10^7 Copies/L groundwater；而Dehalococcoides 屬於整治前後也觀察到10^3 倍的增加，達到10^7 Copies/L groundwater。初步結論顯示，生物整治工法能優勢培養現地兩大脫氯菌群，有效地降解高污染區的氯烯類化合物，但同時亦須注意污染物隨地下水流動而轉移。

關鍵字

生物整治工法 ； Dehalococcoides 屬 ； Desulfitobacterium 屬 ； SybrGreen-qPCR定量

並列摘要

Chlorinated ethenes are one group of pollutants commonly found in the soil and groundwater contaminated sites. In-situ bioremediation using anaerobic dehalogenation is a promising method for the treatment of chlorinated ethenes. To understand the feasibility and efficiency of in-situ anaerobic bioremediation, a SybrGreen-qPCR method was employed to quantify the abundances of two key microorganisms in the samples collected in a chloroethenes contaminated site in south Taiwan in 2013 and 2015. The results showed that in the hotspots of the site, chlorinated ethenes were reduced by 90% within 2 years. In addition, chloroethenes were found to re-distribute caused by the combined effect of groundwater flow and degradation of the chemicals. The results of microbial analysis showed that genus Desulfitobacterium increased from 10^2 ~ 10^4 Copies/L groundwater detected in the first seven months after bioremediation to 10^4 ~ 10^7 Copies/L groundwater after 26 months of the treatment. Moreover, genus Dehalococcoides abundance was observed to increase by 3 times after the treatment, with ~10^7 Copies/L groundwater. The observation indicates that bioremediation could effectively enrich the two functional microbes, and may cause the reduction of chloroethenes in the hot spot of the contaminated site. However, when bioremediation is applied for groundwater remediation, attention should be paid to the transformation of chloroethenes and transport of the contaminants with groundwater flow in the site.

並列關鍵字

Bioremediation ； genus Dehalococcoides ； genus Desulfitobacterium ； SybrGreen-qPCR quantification