Tool Path Transformaiton of Tilted Plane Machining Features for Five-axis Numerical Control Programming

五軸加工斜面特徵路徑轉換之數值控制程式研究

佘振華(Chen-Hua She) ； 鄭智豪(Zhi-Hao Zheng) ； 覺文郁(Wen-Yuh Jywe)

《中國機械工程學刊》 35卷6期 (2014/12) Pp. 493-498

摘要

製造產業如航太業、模具廠，需加工複雜且高精度曲面產品，以具有兩個旋轉軸的多軸工具機來加工這些產品成為了不可或缺的角色。然而在市場競爭激烈情形下，每家製造商都致力於降低加工時間及成本，如何有效率的產生多軸數值控制程式成為一個重要的課題。典型的多軸加工零件上，經常在傾斜平面上有特定的加工特徵，如鑽孔、挖槽等，這些特徵通常可用五軸定位或3+2軸加工完成。透過3+2軸加工模式可將3軸NC程式在傾斜平面上切削，雖然3+2軸加工路徑可使用高階多軸CAD/CAM系統產生，但這類系統價格昂貴。本論文針對多軸工具機之傾斜工作平面提出一套定義方法，可將一般傳統三軸工具機之平面刀具路徑檔，利用本文提出不同工作座標轉換方式，透過後處理演算，產生五軸工具機運動所需之數值控制程式，使得在相同的特徵加工，能以短時間內快速得到任意傾斜平面上之加工程式。本文以Borl and C++ Builder發展出視窗化介面，可依不同傾斜平面定義需求，選擇方法完成轉換，最後將所產生數值控制程式，透過實體模擬切削軟體VERICUT進行驗證比對其正確性。

並列摘要

Manufacturers in industries such as aerospace and the mold making are tasked with machining complex products with free-form surfaces requiring a high degree of precision. Five-axis machine tools, featuring two rotary axes, are most commonly selected for machining these kinds of products. Owing to increased global competition and rapidly changing market demands, determining the means to generate a five-axis numerical control (NC) program has become an issue of critical importance. Typical five-axis machined parts often include machining features such as holes and grooves on the tilted plane. These features are generally cut with five-axis positioning or 3+2 axis machining. In 3+2 axis machining, a 3-axis NC program is executed with the cutting tool locked in a tilted position using the two rotary axes of the machine. Although many advanced CAD/CAM systems provide functions with which to create tool paths for 3+2 axis machining, the price of these features far exceeds that of 3-axis machining. This work presents a methodology for defining a series of tilted planes to enable the easy transformation of a 3-axis tool to any tilted plane. The study developed a window-based transformation system written in Borland C++ Builder in which five-axis NC programs can be generated according to the definition of the tilted plane and the postprocessor developed in this study. Solid cutting simulation software, VERICUT, is utilized to confirm the accuracy of the five-axis NC data.

並列關鍵字

Tilted plane ； machining feature ； five-axis machine tool ； 3+2 axis machining