護理系學生重症單位臨床選習經驗

Experiences in a Preceptor-Guided Clinical Practicum for Nursing Students in Critical Care Units

梁天麗(Tien-Li Liang) ； 陳靜虹(Jing-Hong Chen) ； 馮家琪(Jia-Chi Feng) ； 張雅嵐(Ya-Lan Chang) ； 蕭珮珊(Pei-Shan Hsiao) ； 張憶瑩(Yi-Ying Chang) ； 徐郁棻(Yu-Fen Hsu)

《榮總護理》 34卷1期 (2017/03) Pp. 86-97

https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.34.1.86

摘要

急重症單位是護理系畢業學生最熱門的單位選擇，然而台灣護理人力嚴重不足，新進護理人員留任率低，重症照護挑戰性極高，護理教育推行臨床選習制度協助護理系學生提早熟悉臨床工作模式以期順利銜接職場，此模式經驗的好壞將影響護生未來投入職場的選擇，是一項重要且必須探討的議題。本研究旨在探討大學護理系大四學生以臨床選習模式於重症單位實習的經驗。採質性研究設計，透過立意取樣針對二技及四技護理系十位年齡介於22~23 歲的大四學生以半結構訪談指引進行深度訪談，以內容分析法進行資料分析與歸納。研究歸納出三個主要概念與七個類屬，包含：一、一哩的風景：重症單位的挑戰與獨特性、師徒制的帶領方式；二、學習的顛簸：護理專業知識及技能不足、護理臨床教師帶來的壓力；三、翻轉自我：批判性思考與學習、角色模範、銜接職場。研究結果顯示受訪者在護理臨床教師帶領下，領受到不同以往的實習經驗，經驗到重症照護的獨特性，提升自我專業能力，並從護理臨床教師身上學習到專業角色模範，此模式實習有助於護理系學生提早熟悉單位環境，增進銜接職場的準備。

關鍵字

急重症單位 ； 臨床選習

並列摘要

Background: Critical care units are the most popular unit of choice among new nursing graduates. However, the challenges involved in critical care are extremely high. There is a serious nursing shortage in Taiwan, and the retention rate of newly employed nursing staff is low. The experience of a preceptor-guided clinical practicum affects nursing students' choice of future workplace and is thus a crucial concern requiring investigation. Purpose: To investigate the experiences of senior nursing students in a preceptor-guided clinical practicum at a critical care unit. Method: This qualitative study used purposive sampling to enroll subjects and performed in-depth interviews with 10 students aged 22-23 years. The students were enrolled in 2- and 4-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing programs. This study performed a content analysis to analyze and summarize the data. Results: Three themes and seven categories were identified, including: (1) a mile of scenery: the challenges and uniqueness of critical care units and the mentoring method; (2) learning obstacles: lack of professional nursing knowledge and skills, stress caused by the preceptor; and (3) self-flipping: critical thinking and learning, role model, and connection to the workplace. Conclusion/Practical Application: The research results showed that the subjects learned from their preceptorship experiences, which differed from those in previous preceptorships. They experienced the uniqueness of critical care, improved their own professional ability, and learned from a professional role model (i.e., the preceptor). The preceptor-guided clinical practicum can assist nursing students in becoming familiar with the environment of a critical care unit early and enhance their preparation for the transition from study to the workplace.

並列關鍵字

critical care unit ； preceptor-guided clinical practicum

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