職業運動員人才契約的道德條款－以美國四大職業運動聯盟及中華職棒大聯盟為中心

本文從美國運動員人才契約中道德條款的需求起源出發，分析整理經典案例，進而從數十年來的推演，歸結道德條款的本質與樣貌。並參酌美國四大職業運動球員標準合約與中華職棒選手合約中的道德條款，輔以我國相關案例，提出具衡平特色的道德條款審查基準；以供相關爭議進入仲裁或訴訟程序後，作為仲裁人或法官論斷時的審查依據。亦可供球團、贊助商與運動員在磋商道德條款時作為參考，平等地制訂可確實預見規制範圍並足能遵守的道德條款。

關鍵字

人才契約；道德條款；逆道德條款；追償條款；審查基準；公序良俗；定型化契約條款；美國契約法；美國四大職業運動；中華職棒大聯盟

並列摘要

This article traces back to the initial necessity of morals clauses, figuring out the nature and feature of morals clauses by analyzing classic precedents in the United States and in Taiwan. Besides, by comparing the Uniform/Standard Player's Contract of ＂Big Four＂ and the Player's Contract of Chinese Professional Baseball League, this article also provides arbitrators and judges with a relatively equitable standard of review to balance, in particular, the unequal bargaining power between the Business and the Professional Athlete. Also, this article is eligible to be the reference for Clubs/Sponsors and Players/Endorsers to equally negotiate foreseeable and enforceable morals clauses that are authentically considering the interests of both parties.

並列關鍵字

talent contract ； morals clause ； reverse-moral clause ； claw-back clause ； standard of review ； contract law ； public policy ； standard contract terms ； the Big Four ； Chinese Professional Baseball League