本文建立民國81至93年台灣電子產業廠商的追蹤資料,以資料包絡法來衡量廠商之技術效率及Malmquist生產力變動指數,再利用空間相關統計方法觀察其在區域間的差異性與相關性。我們更進一步觀察研發活動,是否與生產技術效率有空間相關性。 實證結果可看出電子產業生產力改善的區域,早期大都分散在台灣西岸鄉鎮,後期則有向台北、台中、高雄三個主要縣市集中的趨勢。透過空間相關統計方法,我們發現電子產業自81至93年的平均生產力成長、平均技術效率變動以及平均技術變革,在台灣地區有顯著的空間聚集情形。此外,我們也發現有較高生產技術效率的區域,其周遭區域的研發活動也顯著的活躍;不過,有這樣情形的區域數目,卻隨著時間的經過越來越少。其次,北部區域研發活動與技術效率的正空間相關性相當明顯,且未隨時間經過而改變;不過,中部區域的研發與技術效率正空間相關,卻隨時間經過而變得不明顯。
We establish the panel data of Taiwan's electronics industry from 1992 to 2004 and measure the production efficiency and Malmquist index. We then use spatial statistics to explore the disparity and correlation in production efficiency of regions. Furthermore we investigate the spatial association between R&D and production efficiency. Empirical results show that the regions of production efficiency improving spread the west of Taiwan in early periods and concentrate on Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung county in the later periods. Using spatial statistics we also find that the neighborhoods of higher production efficiency regions exist higher R&D activities and the number of such regions decreases as time goes on. Finally, the positive spatial association of production efficiency and R&D in northern Taiwan is obvious and invariable.