- 學位論文
一個制定存貨分類改善的案例-以國內某電子業為例
Inventory Classification and Improvement -A Case Study of Electronic Industry in Taiwan
摘要
現今產業產品生命週期短，而前置時間長。如何在兼顧成本、存貨價值變化、品質、客製化、交期等壓力下將適量的存貨扮演好生產緩衝的角色，為許多專家學者共同的研究目標。研究案例為國內某家電子設備製造商，於海峽兩岸均設有生產基地，並已導入企業資源規劃系統(Enterprise Resource Planning)以期提升經營績效。但ERP系統的龐大支出及效益長期性的特性，對存貨的“改善”無法一蹴即成。本研究以該公司實際之存貨資訊，針對存貨方式分類並考量其前置時間等因素做一通盤檢討，希望能找到一個適當方式來提升存貨功能並降低存貨成本，進而改善存貨管理。 本研究分為二大部分進行：第一部分為存貨的分類；第二部分為存貨的水準制定。為了解各庫存項目之狀況，本研究分析了該公司庫存資料，建立各庫存項目之日庫存歷程。依據價值及需求的兩大準則，來做為存貨分類的一個依據，選擇適合的特徵表示存貨，並應用自組織映射網路，表現出產品特性與存貨的影響。並依此分類建立一套簡單的存貨管理機制，設定各分類項目的管理方式。 研究結果顯示，適當的存貨分類及存補貨政策，可以增加庫存週轉並有效降低存貨成本。若能適當調整存貨政策，將能降低存貨成本。
並列摘要
The products in modern industries have both short life-cycle and long lead-time. How to make inventory balance as well as buffers from upstream manufacturers to downstream retailers has been a highly emphasized issue for researchers. This case study aims at solving the deficiency of the inventory control of an electronic device producer in Taiwan which has production centers both in Taiwan and Mainland China. The company has applied the Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) to enhance the management efficiency. But the huge cost and time-demanding effects of the system make the company fail to reach its goal. Based on the practical inventory information provided by the company, the researcher reviews its way of dealing with the inventory storage and classification as well as other factors such as lead-time and so on. What’s more, the researcher also makes efforts to figure out a way to better the effects and the management of the inventory. This study is divided into two parts: the first part focuses on the classification of inventory and the second one is about setting the stock level. To understand the condition of the inventory, this researcher makes an analysis of the subject’s raw data and records the daily tracking history of the goods. The researcher not only classifies the inventory based on the criteria of value and need but also uses the proper specialties as the indicator of the stock. Besides, the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is also applied to present the relationship between these specialties and the stock. After that, the researcher adopts the classification to design a simple mode for the management of different items and the inventory. The result of the study suggests that more suitable inventory classification and more proper policy of goods saving and supplements help to reduce the cost of inventory and promote the inventory turnover. If a company can manipulate the policy of the inventory properly and adequately, its inventory cost can be lowered as much as possible.