稻小粒菌核病之研究　Ⅱ、田土中菌核之密度及不同水份潛勢對病菌生長之影響

Studies on Stem-rot Disease of Rice Ⅱ. The Population Density of Sclerotia in Rice Paddy and the Effect of Water Potential on the Growth of the Pathogen

簡錦忠(C. C. Chien) ； 曾方明(F. M. Thseng) ； 謝麗娟(L. C. Shieh)

《中華農業研究》 32卷3期 (1983/09) Pp. 279-285

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198309.0010

摘要

調查本省11個水稻田土中小粒菌核病菌菌核的密度，以萬巒篩出的菌核數最多爲410個／公克土，而雙龍1最少僅7.2個／公克土。不同水份潛勢對小粒菌核病菌菌絲生長的影響，因溫度的不同而有差異，一般而言高溫下菌絲活力或菌核的形成能力對乾旱的忍受力較低溫時爲強。雖然小黑菌絲生長速度較小球爲慢，同時小球菌在各種水份潛勢下之菌核發芽率較小黑爲強；但小黑菌的菌絲耐旱性及其在乾旱狀況下形成菌核的能力皆較小球菌爲強。

並列摘要

The population density of the sclerotia causing stem rot in paddy rices was surveyed at 11 locations in Taiwan. The highest population, 410 sclerotia/g soil, was recorded in Wan-Luan, and the lowest, 7.2 sclerotia/g soil, in Shuang-lung. The effect of water potential on the mycelial growth of rice stem rot pathogens varied among temperatures. In general, the ability of mycelial growth and the sclerotial formation were more endurable to drought in higher temperatures (24, 28, 32℃) than in lower temperatures (12, 16, 20℃). Although the rate of mycelial growth and sclerotial germination of the small round disease pathogen were superior to that of small black disease pathogen in all different to drought water potentials. However, the resistance of mycelium to drought and the ability of sclerotial formation under drought condition, the small round disease pathogen was inferior to the small black disease pathogen.