高溫期間植物生長調節劑對愛文檬果生育之影響

Effect of Growth Regulators on the Flowering of "Irwin" Mango at High Temperature

歐錫坤(Shyi-Kuan Ou)

《中華農業研究》 35卷1期 (1986/03) Pp. 57-62

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198603.0006

摘要

木試驗是以誘導檬果(Mangifera indica L.)產生不時花不時果爲目的，2年生愛文檬果共75株於花期過後，從3月至5月間每隔1個月用修剪掉半數著果的花序，使產生不同枝齡的新梢以供處理每次修剪25株。在8月下旬以Alar, Cycocel, Ethephon, Maleic hydrazide等各種植物生長抑制劑及硝酸鉀，每隔7天全株噴灑1次，每種藥劑處理共計15株，連續處理5次，皆無法誘致檬果新梢與不時花的產生。
另一試驗是採用相同藥劑，以灌注處理代替全株噴灑，將4年生愛文檬果12株於高溫生長時期（8月下）進行處理，每株注射500c.c．劑量，每處理2株，於處理後30天發現落葉，葉片出現褐斑，頂芽粘粘的呈水浸狀，頂梢枯死及注射孔流膠等藥害現象。以硝酸鉀處理者最爲嚴重，Cycocel次之，Ethephon最輕微，除對照組（灌水500c.c.）外，其餘各處理皆無新梢萌發之現象。灌注植物生長調節劑會改變檬果開花部位與花序形態，並使新梢變成柳葉狀。

並列摘要

The primary purpose of this study was to induce flowering for production of off-season ”Irwin” mango fruits. Half of the total fruit set panicles from 75 two-year old trees were prunned from March to May once per 25 trees per month to induce new shoots of different age for spray treatments. The 5 growth regulators of alar, cycocel, ethephon, maleic hydrazide and sodium nitrate were used in experiment. The spray was done in late-August with 15 plants per treatment, repeated for 5 times at a 7 day interval. No treatmen could induce any new shoot or off-season flowering during high temperature period.
Another set of experiment was carried out with 12 four-year-old ”Irwin” mango trees. Every two trees were injected with one kind of the 5 above mentioned growth regulators and water as control. The injection dosage was 500 ml per plant. Thirty days after treatment, trees appeared with injury symptoms including brown spots on leaf, leaf falling, water soaking in terminal buds, die back of shoots and gum-flowing from injection hole. Sodium nitrate caused the most severe injury following with cycocel and ethephon in order. Except the control treatment no shoots were induced.
The flower position and inflorescence form also changed after the injection of plant growth regulators and the willow type leaves were found in the induced new shoots.