- 期刊
水稻與陸稻在水田栽培下期作間生長及產量之差異
Variation in Growth and Yield between Lowland and Upland Rice Varieties
摘要
本文旨在探討水稻與陸稻兩生態群在水田栽培下生長與產量之差異，並比較其在不同栽培季節之表現，試驗於1994年一、二期作在臺灣省農業試驗所農場進行。由生長性狀之變方分析發現，一期作族群50%抽穗期時兩生態群間僅植株分蘗數差異顯著，至收穫期除植株生質量外其餘性狀均差異顯著：二期作株高與分蘗數於抽穗期及收穫期時皆差異顯著。由產量及產量構成要素變方分析顯示，生態群間達顯著差異之性狀一期作有穗數、粒數、稔實率及千粒重，二期作有穗數、穗長、千粒重及實測產量。兩生態群之生長性狀與實測產量相關分析結果顯示，實測產量與生長性狀之相關性隨生育時期之不同而有變化。而實測產量與產量構成要素及收穫指數間之相關性，一期作水稻產量與穗數及一穗粒數呈顯著正相關，與穗長呈顯著負相關；陸稻則與穗數、稔實率、一穗粒數、千粒重及收穫指數皆呈顯著正相關。二期作水稻產量僅與一穗粒數呈顯著正相關，陸稻則與穗數、稔實率及收穫指數呈顯著正相關。將兩期作皆相同之陸稻品種生育性狀合併分析，結果顯示除了抽穗期時之分蘗數及植株生質量外，其餘生長性狀期作間差異皆顯著。而抽穗期時之株高及植株生質量和收穫期之葉面積及分蘗數品種與期作間具有顯著交感效應。除千粒重及收穫指數外，實測產量及其他產量構成要素期作間差異均顯著，而稔實率、千粒重、收穫指數及穗長等性狀品種與期作間則具有交感效應存在。
並列摘要
Experiments were conducted to study the difference in growth and yield between the lowland and upland rice (Oryza sativa) varieties grown under well-watered conditions and to compare the variations in ecotypes and varieties in the first and the second cropping seasons in Taiwan. It showed that growth characters were varied between ecotypes and within varieties in the two cropping seasons. Analysis of variance of yield and yield components indicated that panicles per plant, grains per panicle, percent filled grains and 1000- grain weight in the first crop and panicles per plant, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and the measured yield in the second crop were significant difference. Variations of these variables occurred in ecotypes and cropping seasons. In correlation analysis, relationships between the measured yield and growth characters changed depending on growth stages. Correlations of yield to yield components and harvest index changed with ecotypes and cropping seasons. In combined analysis of upland rice varieties for two cropping seasons, growth characters other than tiller numbers and plant biomass at 50% heading were different significantly between the two crops. Yield and yield components were also significant. Interactions between variety and cropping season in some growth characters and yield components existed.
延伸閱讀
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