節水灌溉栽培模式對水稻與陸稻生育及產量之影響

Effects on the Growth and Yield between Lowland and Upland Rice under Saving Irrigation Model at Taitung Area

丁文彥(Wen-Yen Ting) ； 黃秋蘭(Chiou-Lan Huang) ； 江瑞拱(Jui-Kung Chiang)

《臺東區農業改良場研究彙報》 19輯 (2009/04) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.6959/RBTDAIS.200904.0001

摘要

探討水稻及陸稻品種在水田生長之節水灌溉模式，期能減少灌溉用水，建立合理的稻田水份管理方法，因應未來全球暖化所帶來的影響。試驗結果顯示，節水灌溉栽培可減少灌溉次數4次；在慣行水田栽培方式的稻穀產量明顯高於節水灌溉處理者，水稻品種的稻穀產量表現又比陸稻品種佳。採節水灌溉處理之稻穀產量在第一期作減少的程度較第二期作明顯，95年二期作減少8.1－20.5%，96年一期作減產21.0－40.1%，品種間水稻以臺東30號受到的影響較少，具較大的適應性，臺稉2號減產的程度最明顯，對逆境適應性較差。陸稻則以東陸2號的產量較高，減產的幅度較輕微。在產量構成因素方面，節水灌溉處理降低95年第二期作水稻品種的一穗粒數及96年第一期作的穗數及稔實率，以及95年第二期作東陸1號與東陸2號的穗數及96年第一期作陸稻參試品種的稔實率。節水灌溉處理對米質性狀沒有影響，但第一期作的完整米率則因減少灌溉次數而降低，以臺稉9號最為嚴重。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 陸稻 ； 抗旱 ； 產量 ； 米質

並列摘要

This study was conducted on the growth and yield between lowland and upland rice under saving irrigation model, to establish the reasonable moisture management of paddy rice. Results indicated that the saving irrigation treatment reduced 4 times irrigations than control. The yield of normal cultural irrigation treatment had higher yield than saving irrigation obviously, the varieties of lowland rice had higher yield performance than upland rice, also. It showed that saving irrigation reduced the yield in the first crop more than the second crop. According to the agronomic characteristic, the saving irrigation could reduce the grain number per panicle in the second crop of 2006 and the panicle number and fertility percentage of lowland rice in the first crop of 2007. And it reduced the panicle number of Tunglu 1 and Tunglu 2 in the second crop of 2006, the fertility percentage of upland rice in the first crop of 2007. Otherwise, the saving irrigation treatment had no effect on the rice quality, but the head rice of the first crop of 2007 would be reduced by the water deficit.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； Upland rice ； Drought resistant ； Yield ； Rice quality