國軍現行政治教育對官兵「軍隊國家化」觀念建立之淺探

Research of the Military Political Education about Establishment of the "Army Nationalization" Concept

賀力行(Li-Hsing Ho) ； 魏慶超(Ching-Chao Wei)

《復興崗學報》 92期 (2008/12) Pp. 103-129

https://doi.org/10.29857/FHKAJ.200812.0005

摘要

國家安全為一切的根本，而國軍則以保國衛民為職志，所以國軍的基本立場就是超出個人、黨派、地域關係，謹守本分，嚴守分際，以維護國家安全、社會安定，此一基本立場即為「軍隊國家化」。
從專業倫理的角度來看，既然專業倫理指的是從事某一專業工作的人員，在執行其專業相關業務時，所應遵孚的行為準則，用以規範和約束所屬人員與同業或社會之間的互動關係，以贏得大眾的信賴並建立該專業在社會中的威望，所以國軍人員對於「軍隊國家化」觀念的建立與認知程度，當然可視為國人同胞對國軍建立信賴與支持的基礎。
或許是因為受到政治人物的影響，也可能是國軍部分人員的行為表現無法滿足國人對「專業軍人」標準的期待，更有可能是大家對於「軍隊國家化」的內涵也是似懂非懂，才會顯現出輿論對國軍多所期待，亦即國軍自身應落實「軍隊國家化」觀念灌輸，俾免遭民眾一再質疑。
為探討國軍官兵對「軍隊國家化」的認知程度與政治教育宣教方式間的關聯，經以隨機抽樣施測問卷，結果發現，國軍人員對於「軍隊國家化」內涵已建立基本認知，對「軍隊國家化」的關心程度並無顯著差異，對政治教育宣教方式的接受程度多持肯定，但是對「軍隊國家化」行為規範接受程度還有待加強之處。此外，本研究也建議國軍政治教育應該要強化「軍人專業倫理」的宣教內容，同時也該研究將軍人的政治權力予以法制化規範，期使中華民國真正成為民主成熟國家。

關鍵字

軍隊國家化 ； 政治教育 ； 政治社會化 ； 專業倫理

並列摘要

A sovereign country is based on the national security. The jobs of The Armed forces are to guarantee the national security and protect their people. To preserve the national security and keep the peaceful society, The military must be independent of individuals, the parties and groups, and the region relationships. Besides, the military has to adhere to their duty strictly. This basic standpoint is the ”army nationalization”.
Professional ethic is the Standards of Conduct which should be observed when a staff member deals with his business. The Standards of Conduct also regulates and binds the interaction relationship between the staff and the same business or society. People following the Standards of Conduct will win the populace's trust and establish his prestige in the society. Therefore, from Professional ethic's viewpoint, the establishment and cognition of the concept of the army nationalization in the military may certainly be regarded as the compatriot's trust and support for the armed forces.
Partially because people are influenced by the politician, partially because the staff's performance is unable to achieve the standards of the professional serviceman in the military, partially because people have only vague ideas for the ”army nationalization”, the consensus always appears to expect a successful nationalized army. Therefore, the armed forces should certainly carry out the concept of the ”army nationalization” to avoid people challenging this question repeatedly.
The author used the questionnaire with the random sampling method to figure out relationship between the cognition of the military officers and soldiers in the ”army nationalization” issue and the political education propaganda method. The measurement results indicate that the concept of the ”army nationalization” has been embedded in the armed forces staffs, there is no apparent deviation in the consideration level for ”army nationalization”, and the political education propaganda method is acceptable. However, the results also indicate that the acceptable level of behavior regulation of the ”army nationalization” should be improved. In addition, this research also suggested that The Armed Forces' political education should strengthen the ”serviceman Professional Ethics” in the propaganda content, and should also study to legalize serviceman's political power, to turn the Republic of China into a really mature democratic country.

並列關鍵字

Army nationalization ； political education ； Political socialization ； specialized ethics