未飽和層均質土壤入滲理論分析之研究

本研究目的在推估現場未飽和層土壤中土壤之入滲水流之流動過程的水力行為。其過程主要根據推導土壤中水流運動過程之解析解與數值解，並完成電腦軟體模擬之結果。在解析解方面，以牛頓迭代法及拉普拉斯轉換法求解；在數值解方面，以有限差分法求解。另外，選定一試驗地點進行現地土壤試驗及室內實驗室分析，求得未飽和層土壤含水量、毛細壓力與未飽和層土壞深度之間關係，並針對實驗結果加以分析模擬。經由解析解與數值解之電腦模擬結果發現，計算所得之結果相當接近，均為可行之模擬方法。應用理論模式於試驗地點，分析結果顯示，由於土壤飽和透水係數大及土壤孔隙分佈參數小，故試驗地點在定量入滲下，土壤含水量及毛隙壓力在非常短暫時間內即達到穩定狀態，符合試驗地點砂質土壤特性。

關鍵字

水力透水係數；土壤含水量；土壤毛細壓力

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to study the water infiltration behavior in the unsaturated zone of soil. The analytical and numerical solutions are developed for such flow problem. For the analytical solution, Newton's iteration and Laplace transform are employed. For the numerical solution, the finite difference method adopted by Douglas-Jones is used. In the field experiments, the hydraulic behaviors in the soil profile (including the relation between soil water content, soil-water pressure head with soil depth) in the selected area are observed. Finally, combining the field experiment hydraulic parameters with homogeneous infiltration model to simulate the surface infiltration and subsurface drainage in field is realized.

並列關鍵字

Hydraulic conductivity ； Soil-water content ； Soil-water pressure head

國際替代計量

未飽和層均質土壤入滲理論分析之研究

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