藉物理冶金製程提純石英礦之研究

A Study on Refining and Purifying Natural Quartz Using Physical Metallurgy Processes

廖芳俊 ； 童海瑞 ； 鐘世傑

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 57卷4期 (2013/12) Pp. 115-122

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.201312_57(4).0011

摘要

本研究主要對天然石英礦，以不影響本質結構為前題，進行內部雜質純化製程的研究，由於各地石英礦的生成條件有所差異，因此內部金屬雜質的種類、含量與分佈狀態也不盡相同。若能藉由簡易製程進行純化處理，並維持其天然α-石英之晶體結構，相信於太陽能光電產業上將有相當多的用途。試驗之初，先將由連城地區取得的石英礦予以粉碎、分篩、磁選、酸洗、清洗、烘乾， 始成為研究之原物料。接續施以低溫水淬處理，使石英粉因殘留應力的存在、產生沿晶破裂的情形，將使晶界處之金屬雜質裸露，再使用超音波震盪設備進行濕法酸洗處理。若裂紋縫隙仍過小，酸液無法有效深入侵蝕金屬雜質時，則可進一步選擇使用超音波變頻爆洗、低溫高壓、高溫負壓或高溫高真空等方式進行純化。由實驗結果得知，先經600℃水淬處理，再以2：1鹽酸與氫氟酸之配比酸液，施以低溫高壓之水熱處理，應可獲得頗佳之提純成效。

關鍵字

α- 石英 ； 水淬 ； 濕法酸洗 ； 水熱製程 ； 純化 ； 雜質去除率

並列摘要

This research aimed at removing nature quartz internal impurities without altering the essential natural quartz structure. As the natural quartz minerals were formed under various conditions, their ingredients, distribution, and content of metal impurities are quite different. We used a simple process to purify the quartz while maintain the α-quartz crystal structure. First, the natural quartz minerals from Liancheng area were crushed, sieved, magnetically separated, leached, washed and dried. Then, the dried quartz minerals were treated with low temperature water quenching process to promote cracking along the grain boundaries. The cracked grains were acidly leached and ultrasonically cleaned. The cleaned products can further be purified by frequency conversion ultrasonic cleaning, low temperature high pressure (hydrothermal), high temperature negative pressure, or high temperature high vacuum processes. Experimental results showed that the best purifying processes were 600℃ water quenching, followed by hydrothermal treatment with hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid (2:1 ratio.)