In this study, Bacillus subtilis-treated compost was used for the growth of Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis, and the compost efficiency and the growth were studied. The results showed that compost with 1/8 fertility equivalent to chemical fertilizer achieved the highest compost efficiency. The amount of N and K in this compost needed to be supplemented for N-P-K balance. The application of this compost is beneficial to the growth of Brassica rapa L. var. chinensis, reduces the waste products in vegetable processing, and increases the fertility of the soil; therefore, it is worth popularizing.