果園更新後水土保持效果變遷之觀測

Observation on the Changing Effects of Soil and Water Conservation for Orchard Renewal

游繁結(Fan-Chieh Yu) ； 蔡志隆(Chih-Lung Tsai)

《農林學報》 51卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 19-30

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200212.0003

摘要

本研究係就南投縣中寮鄉果園作物之變吏，所引起之地表逕流、孔隙率與有機質含量變化情形，探討果園作物改變對坡地水土保持之影響。由分析結果顯示：
（一）本試區在果園更新過程中，因擾動土壤，且地表覆蓋較少，造成有機質含量的下降，但在基肥的施加後卻能讓有機質含量激增。而間種南瓜及敷蓋塑膠布，均能緩和有機質下降的效果。
（二）液劑腐植酸的施加雖不能有效提升土壤之孔隙率，但可有效減緩孔隙率之下降，且其維持之時效約為3個月。而本試區土壤孔隙率約在31%為最小之狀態，果園更新後，大量的表土翻動、耙鬆，可使土壤孔隙率提高至44%。
（三）在施加腐植酸後，逕流率較未施加前約減少50%，顯見施加腐植酸能促進土壤之團粒作用，使土壤之入滲增加而減少地表逕流。

關鍵字

水土保持 ； 果園更新 ； 地表逕流率 ； 孔隙率 ； 腐植酸

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of orchard renewal on slopeland environmental conservation. The results are described as followings:
1. After adding humic acid to soil, the content of organic matters did not significantly increase. During the process of orchard renewal, organic matters decreased because surface soil was disturbed, cover crops and mulching were removed from the surface and pumpkin was intercropped in orchard. While the content of organic matters rapidly raised after adding base fertilizer to soil.
2. Although organic acid could not effectively increase soil porosity, it would slow down the decrease of soil porosity for three months. The lowest soil porosity measured from test area was almost about 31%. After orchard renewal, the soil porosity would be reached to 44% with the improvement of the physical and chemical property of soil.
3. After adding hunic acid, the decrease of surface runoff was about 50%. It shows that organic mattcrs could enhance the soil aggregation, improve the soil infiltration and decrease the runoff from the surface of land.

並列關鍵字

soil and water conservation ； orchard renewal ； runoff ； porosity ； humic acid