臺灣榕屬植物果核形態之研究－綿毛榕、無花果榕與薜荔榕亞屬

Study on the Morphology of Pyrene of Ficus in Taiwan-Subgenus of Eriosycea, Ficus and Synoecia

莊瑞均(Juei-Chun Chuang) ； 曾喜育(Hsy-Yu Tzeng) ； 呂福原(Fu-Yuan Lu) ； 歐辰雄(Chern-Hsiung Ou)

《中華林學季刊》 38卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 1-18

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200503.0001

摘要

本研究藉由解剖及掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察臺灣榕屬植物無花果榕、綿毛榕及薜荔榕亞屬等3亞屬5節11種14個分類群（含變種、型）之果核形態與表面構造。14個分類群的果核大小介於1.1~3.2mm，形狀為近球形至橢圓形，果核表面平滑或粗糙，具或不具龍骨，表面雕紋為網目型。無花果榕亞屬（節）之果核表面殆平滑，龍骨通常缺如，明顯與果核表面粗糙、具雙重稜的綿毛榕亞屬（節）不同。薜荔榕亞屬的果核形態為長橢圓形，長寬比大於2，表面雕紋為具穿孔之大形網目。本研究發現榕屬植物果核形態與表面雕紋為穩定的特徵，可提供作種之階層分類的依據，在節及節以上階層亦大致保有共同的特徵，故可供榕屬植物系統分類及種子傳播的參考。

關鍵字

榕屬 ； 果核形態 ； 系統分類 ； 種子傳播

並列摘要

Stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the morphology of the pyrenes of Ficus in Taiwan. We found that the pyrenes of 3 subgenus (including Fiats, Eriosycea and Synoecia), 5 sections, 11 species, 14 taxas (including variety and formula), were roundish to ellipse from 1.1 to 3.2mm with reticulate surface, which smooth or rough. Subg. Eriosycea were significantly different in morphology and surface of pyrenes than subg. Ficus. The pyrenes of subg. Synoecia were long-ellipse pyrene in shape with pit in the bigger reticulate surface which were different from the other two subgenus. In conclusion, the size, morphology and surface of pyrenes were very different between species. The characters of pyrenes were stable at the level of section or subgenus, which are important for system classification of Ficus and seed dispersal.

並列關鍵字

Ficus ； Morphology of pyrene ； System classification ； Seed dispersal