臺灣杉心材與土肉桂葉子應用於植物病原真菌防治之評估

Evaluation of Taiwania Cryptomerioides Heartwood and Cinnamomum Osmophloeum Leaf Against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

許立昇(Li-Sheng Hsu) ； 古惠菁(Hui-Jing Gu) ； 張惠婷(Hui-Ting Chang) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 42卷3期 (2009/09) Pp. 411-420

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200909.0007

摘要

植物病原真菌是危害林木生長的重要因子之一，因此如何防治真菌病害一直是林業所關心的重要課題。本研究係評估臺灣杉(Taiwania cryptomerioides)心材及土肉桂(Cinnamomum osmophloeum)葉子對常見植物病原真菌的抗菌能力，利用試材的精油與粉末進行抗菌試驗。精油的試驗結果顯示，臺灣杉心材精油的使用濃度為100 μg /mL時，對Fusarium solani、Ganoderma australe及Pestalotiopsis funerea 3種菌抑制率皆大於50%，濃度提高為200 μg /mL時，可以完全抑制F. solani與G. australe的生長；土肉桂葉子精油抗菌活性較臺灣杉心材精油為佳，使用濃度為100 μg /mL 時，對G. australe的抑制率為100%。至於試材粉末的抗菌活性，臺灣杉心材粉末的使用濃度為0.01 g /mL時，對F. solani 的抑制率為70.9%；土肉桂葉子粉末使用濃度為0.05 g /mL 時，對G. australe的抑制率為100%，此結果顯示臺灣杉心材粉末對F. solani之活性較佳，土肉桂葉子粉末則對G. australe具有較良好的抗菌效果。綜合上述結果顯示，臺灣杉心材與土肉桂葉子皆有良好的抗植物病原真菌活性，值得進一步的研究與開發。

關鍵字

抗真菌活性 ； 土肉桂 ； 精油 ； 植物病原真菌 ； 臺灣杉

並列摘要

Plant pathogenic fungus is an important factor that endanger the growth of forest plants. Therefore, how to reduce the damage caused by fungal diseases has been highly concerned by forestry researchers. In this study, antifungal activities of essential oils from Taiwania cryptomerioides heartwood and Cinnamomum osmophloeum leaf against common plant pathogenic fungi were investigated. In addition, the powders of T. cryptomerioides heartwood and C. osmophloeum leaf were directly used for antifungal evaluations. Results showed that T. cryptomerioides heartwood essential oil possessed an inhibitory effect greater than 50% against Fusarium solani, Ganoderma australe, and Pestalotiopsis funerea at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. As the concentration increased to 200 μg/mL, the essential oil could completely inhibit the growth of F. solani and G. australe. The leaf essential oil of C. osmophloeum had a better antifungal effect than T. cryptomerioides heartwood oil, it could totally inhibit the growth of G. australe at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. Results of antifungal assays revealed that T. cryptomerioides heartwood powder had a 70.9% inhibitory effect against F. solani at the concentration of 0.01 g/mL and the C. osmophloeum leaf powder had a better antifungal effect against G. australe at the concentration of 0.05 g/mL. These results demonstrated that both T. cryptomerioides heartwood and C. osmophloeum leaf have good antifungal effects against plant pathogenic fungi, which are worthy of further investigation and utilization.

並列關鍵字

Antifungal activity ； Cinnamomum osmophloeum ； Essential oil ； Plant pathogenic fungi ； Taiwania cryptomerioides