生質物基質酚醛樹脂成型物熱安定性分析

INVESTIGATION ON THE THERMAL STABILITY OF MOLDINGS MADE WITH BIOMASS-BASED PHENOLFORMALDEHYDE RESINS

陳奕君(Yi-Chun Chen) ； 李文昭(Wen-Jau Lee)

《中華林學季刊》 48卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 401-414

摘要

本研究將孟宗竹粉以酚為溶劑，硫酸及鹽酸為催化劑，在加熱環境下進行液化處理，利用所得兩種酚液化竹材及化石酚與甲醛反應製備水溶性與醇溶性Resol型酚醛樹脂(Phenol-formaldehyde resins; PF)及Novolak型PF樹脂，進一步則利用不同條件PF樹脂製作成型物，並以熱重分析(Thermogravimetric analysis)探討不同條件成型物之熱安定性，三種類型PF樹脂成型物中，以Resol型醇溶性PF樹脂最佳，其次為Resol型水溶性PF樹脂。三種酚原料PF樹脂所製作成型物比較，Resol型水溶性及醇溶性PF樹脂以液化竹材為原料者之低溫側熱安定性優於以化石酚為原料者，Resol型樹脂成型物加熱至800℃之焦炭率約為60%。而Novolak型PF樹脂成型物之熱安定性則以化石酚為原料之PF樹脂高於液化竹材為原料之PF樹脂。

關鍵字

生質物 ； 液化竹材 ； 酚醛樹脂 ； 熱重分析 ； 熱安定性

並列摘要

Liquefied bamboo was prepared form liquefied Phyllostachys heterocycla (Moso bamboo) powder in phenol with strong acids as catalysts in this study. Liquefied bamboo was used as raw material to prepare biomass-based Resol type and Novolak type phenolformaldehyde (PF) resins. The moldings of cured resins were manufactured from PF resins that prepared by different treatments. Thermally stabilities of biomass-based resins and fossil-based PF resins were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. Results of thermogravimetric analysis showed that moldings made with Resol type alcohol-soluble PF resin prepared from fossil-based phenol had better thermal stability than other types. Moldings made with Resol type watersoluble and alcohol-soluble PF resins prepared from biomass-based phenol had better thermal stability than and similar high temperature thermal stability to that made with PF resin from fossil-based phenol, respectively. All Resol type resins had char yield ca. 60% at 800℃. On the other hand, Novolak PF resin made with fossil-based phenol had better thermal stability than that made with PF resin from biomass-based phenol.

並列關鍵字

Biomass ； Liquefied bamboo ； Phenol-formaldehyde resins ； Thermogravimetric analysis ； Thermal stability