苦楝樹花香味成分及其釋出量變化之研究

STUDY ON THE SCENT COMPONENTS AND THEIR EMISSION FROM MELIA AZEDARACH FLOWERS

林群雅(Chun-Ya Lin) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 49卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 177-188

摘要

本研究之目的係分析苦楝（Melia azedarach L.）花所釋出的香氣成分，並探討成分於不同時段及日期的釋出量變化。本研究利用固相微萃取（Solid-phasemicroextraction，SPME）及氣相層析質譜儀（Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，GC-MS）分析苦楝樹花揮發成分的組成，再以Tenax TA吸附劑、熱脫附儀（Thermaldesorber，TD）及GC定量揮發成分於不同時段與日期的釋出量，最後再計算它們的香味強度值（Odor activity value，OAV）。由SPME-GC-MS的分析結果得知，Benzaldehyde及Phenylacetaldehyde為苦楝樹花的主要揮發成分，它們的相對含量分別為49.2%及48.0%。進一步根據香味閾值及TD-GC定量結果得知，Phenylacetaldehyde的OAV比Benzaldehyde高出百倍，因此，苦楝樹花的香氣成分主要是來自於Phenylacetaldehyde的氣味。此香氣成分於一日中不同時段（09:30、13:00、16:30及20:00）的釋出量為4.5 – 8.0 μg/g，它們的OAV統計上並無顯著差異；於不同日期（4月10、14及16日）的釋出量（14.7 – 23.5 μg/g）及OAV則有顯著差異。

關鍵字

釋出量 ； 花香成分 ； 苦楝 ； 香味強度值 ； 揮發成分

並列摘要

The aims of the current study are to analyze the floral scent compounds emitted from chinaberry (Melia azedarach L.), and to investigate the emission variations at different periods and days. The compositions of volatiles from M. azedarach flowers were analyzed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The emission of volatiles was quantified using a Tenax TA adsorbent, thermal desorber (TD) and GC at the different periods and days. Meanwhile, the odor activity value (OAV) of the volatile was calculated. Results from SPME-GC-MS showed that benzaldehyde and phenylacetaldehyde were the major volatile components of M. azedarach flowers. Their relative contents were 49.2% and 48.0%, respectively. Based on the odor threshold value and quantitative results from TD-GC, the OAV of phenylacetaldehyde was 100-fold higher than that of benzaldehyde. Accordingly, phenylacetaldehyde endowed M. azedarach flowers with the specific scent. No statistically significant difference in emissions (4.5 – 8.0 μg/g) and OAV of phenylacetaldehyde were observed in the different periods (09:30, 13:00, 16:30 and 20:00). However, emissions (14.7 – 23.5 μg/g) and OAV of phenylacetaldehyde showed significant difference in different days (April 10, 14 and 16).

並列關鍵字

Emission ； floral scent ； Melia azedarach ； odor activity value ； volatile component