園藝治療活動對糖尿病友心理效益之研究

The Effect of a Group-Based Horticultural Therapy Program on Psychological Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

盧嬿羽(Yen-Yu Lu) ； 郭毓仁(Yu-Jen Kuo)

《台灣農學會報》 14卷6期 (2013/12) Pp. 522-544

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201312_14(6).0001

摘要

根據估計全世界有2.85億的人口患有糖尿病，且預估到2030年將會增加到4.3億，而慢性疾病患者常伴隨著憂鬱情結。根據糖尿病與心理健康關係的調查研究顯示，第二型糖尿病患者普遍存在情緒困擾嚴重影響了糖尿病患者的治療依從性和疾病預後。許多研究發現透過園藝治療活動可以誘發正向情緒進而改善憂鬱情緒。本研究的最大目的是藉由園藝治療活動促進參與者心理健康進而做好自我照顧。本研究針對九位第二型糖尿病病患，以「糖尿病園藝治療團體方案」安排每次90分鐘共六週的園藝治療活動。在六週園藝治療活動前後，成員在「台灣人憂鬱量表」平均總分由24.44降至5.56的極顯著差異。六週活動顯示成員不論在情緒管理、肢體、記憶力、自信心、培養興趣、以及對生命的尊重等都獲得效益。由「園藝治療福址效益前後測問卷」及深入訪談相互印證顯示，成員在情感成長方面，心情愉快、心靈寄託、及成就感之正向情緒皆具顯著效益；在認知學習方面，園藝知能與嗜好培養的激發也具有顯著的進步，而社交關係方面，拓展並改善與家人社會的溝通表達及互動關係上均獲得改善，且極顯著願意做好自我照顧。因此本研究發現，藉由園藝治療活動可以引發第二型糖尿病病患提升情感成長、認知學習、及社交關係的正向循環並產生交互引動的連鎖效應，而達到促進對生命意義與生心理健康的福祉效益。本研究結果提供日後慢性病患心理照護上多一個選擇的模式。

關鍵字

第二型糖尿病 ； 園藝治療 ； 憂鬱情緒 ； 台灣人憂鬱量表 ； 福祉效益

並列摘要

An estimated 285 million people suffer from diabetes. This number will increase to approximately 430 million by 2030. Most diabetics also suffer from depression as. According to many research results, type 2 diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for the development of depression. Many studies reveal horticultural therapy enhances human's psychophysical health. Thus, the main objective of this study is to improve the client's psychological health and help restore their ability to live independently through group-based horticultural therapy activities. The study was based on the ”Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire; TDQ', ”The efficacy of horticultural therapy evaluation form”, and qualitative research that was completed before and after 6 weeks of conducting horticultural activities. According to the TDQ test, the results showed a significant decrease in scores from 24.2 to 5.56. After the 6 week period, the clients showed drastic improvements in their memory, confidence, and self-esteem, as well as physical and emotional improvements. Further, our research also found the clients felt relaxed and good about themselves, along with improvements in their emotional control and horticultural skills. Although there were no major differences in their family social relations, these did positively improve. Our studies suggest a horticultural therapy health care model for those suffering from chronic illness, especially in terms of their psychological well-being. The results of this study will provide patients with another beneficial option for recovery.

並列關鍵字

type 2 diabetes mellitus ； horticultural therapy ； depression ； TDQ ； well-being