農家使用農業設施之決定因素－臺灣農業普查資料之實證分析

隨著天然災害越來越頻繁，農作物損失金額屢創新高。加上貿易自由化的浪潮，價格低廉進口農產品嚴重衝擊臺灣國內農產品市場。政府為提升農家生計於近年開始推動農業設施栽培以及相關補助政策，然而目前臺灣農業設施栽培的使用率仍偏低。由於過往文獻缺乏影響農家使用農業設施栽培之研究，本文彌補過去文獻的不足以2015年的農林漁牧業普查資料中生產蔬菜、水果和花卉香菇之農家樣本為研究對象。在實證分析中，本文先以二元常態機率模型探討農家使用農業設施栽培之決定因素。本文再將農業設施栽培區分為簡易型和強固型，並利用多元邏輯斯迴歸模型分析農家使用不同強度的農業設施栽培之決定因素。研究發現，可耕地面積對農家使用農業設施栽培的機率有顯著且正向影響。指揮者年紀越輕，使用農業設施栽培的機率顯著較高。本文也發現花卉香菇農家相較於蔬菜農家，不論是使用農業設施栽培，或是使用簡易型或強固型農業設施栽培的機率皆顯著增加。根據實證結果，本研究建議政府在推動投資農業設施栽培以及相關補助時，應將栽培作物種類、農家指揮者年紀等因素列入考量，以更有效地實現提升農家收益與福祉之目標。

關鍵字

農業設施栽培；農林漁牧業普查；臺灣

並列摘要

Owing to the intensification of climate change, the loss in agricultural income resulting from natural disasters has reached an historical high. Under the pressure to conform with trade liberalization, low-cost imported agricultural products to Taiwan have influenced the Taiwanese agricultural product market. To improve farm household wellbeing and to assist the domestic agricultural market, in recent years the Taiwanese agricultural authority has begun to promote the use of a protected cultivation structure and provided subsidies for constructing facilities. However, the current adoption rates of protected cultivation structures are low. Previous studies do not analyze the factors associated with the choices of farm households to adopt a protected cultivation structure. This paper fulfills the knowledge gap of previous studies by providing information on the current use of the protected cultivation structure in Taiwan. This study used the 2015 agricultural census survey in Taiwan. We limited our sample to farms that produced vegetables, fruits, flowers and mushrooms. In the empirical analysis, we first analyzed the factors associated with the choice of the farm to adopt a protected cultivation structure by applying the Bivariate Probit Model. We then differentiated protected cultivation structures into simple and strong types. We also analyzed the determinants of farm households to choose different types of protected cultivation structures using the Multinomial Logit Model. The results showed the area of land has a significant and positive impact on the probability of farmers using agricultural cultivation facilities. Younger farm operators have a higher probability of using agricultural cultivation structures. This study also found that compared to vegetable farmhouse, farmhouses that mainly engaged in flower and mushroom have a significantly increased chance of using protected cultivation structures or selecting simple or strong ones. Based on our empirical results, we suggest subsidies for agricultural cultivation facilities consider the types of cultivated crops and the age of the head of the farm households. In so doing, the policy goal of improving farm household income and wellbeing can be achieved in a more effective way.

並列關鍵字

protected cultivation structures ； determining factors ； Taiwan

參考文獻

林威志、呂振福、張宏浩。2012。臺灣農家婦女時間分配之實證研究。農業與經濟 49：71-97。doi: 10.6181/agec.2012.49.03

陳昱廷。2013。臺灣農家子弟從事農業工作意願之實證分析。碩士論文。臺北：國立臺灣大學農業經濟學研究所。doi: 10.6342/NTU.2013.00387

楊純明。2010。農業氣象災害之因應策略。作物、環境與生物資訊 7(1)：63-71。doi: 10.30061/CEB.201003.0005

Chang, H. H., and A. Mishra. 2008. Impact of Off-farm Labor Supply on Food Expenditures of the Farm Household. Food Policy. 33(6):657-664. doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.02.002

Chang, H. H., and D. R. Just. 2009. Internet Access and Farm Household Income – Empirical Evidence using a Semi-parametric Assessment in Taiwan. J. Agr. Econ. 60(2):348-366. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-9552.2008.00189.x

國際替代計量

農家使用農業設施之決定因素－臺灣農業普查資料之實證分析

全文下載

主題瀏覽