國際政治經濟學中的不列顛學派British？Global？And Critical？

國際政治經濟學（簡稱國政經）自70年代開始發展以來，不僅呈現出理論（自由主義、重商主義與馬克思主義）與研究途徑（理性主義與反思主義）的競逐，同時也有美國（American School）與不列顛學派（British School）間關於學科定位、研究議題與方法論上的差別。本文主要目的在於從三個面向來介紹及探討國政經的不列顛學派：一、為何該學派被稱為British School？與國際關係英國學派（English School）有何差別？二、不列顛學派學者偏好以「全球政治經濟學」（Global Political Economy）取代「國際政治經濟學」（International Political Economy）作為學科名稱，「Global」和「International」到底有何不同？僅涉及世界經濟生產方式的改變？還是包括研究議題與研究方法上的變遷？三、不列顛學派亦被稱為「批判的國際政治經濟學」（Critical IPE），「Critical」的意涵為何？其和國際關係批判理論（Critical Theory of International Relations）有何異同？經由這三組問題的討論，冀望可以對國政經不列顛學派有較充分的理解。

關鍵字

不列顛學派；批判理論；美國學派；國際政治經濟學；國際關係

並列摘要

Since the 1970s, the International Political Economy (IPE)has explored various research methodologies and methods. However, the disciplinary boundary of IPE is still controversial. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the British School of IPE from three dimensions. First, why is this school called ”British?” Are there differences between the British School and the English School of international relations? Secondly, British School scholars prefer to call this new discipline the” Global Political Economy (GPE)”instead of ”International Political Economy.” Thus, what is the underlying meaning of ”Global?” Does it require the use of different research methodology? Thirdly, the British School is often viewed as the ”Critical International Political Economy (Critical IPE)”. What does ”Critical” represent here? What are the differences and similarities of the Critical IPE and the Critical Theory of International Relations? The author hopes that the discussion of these three dimensions could help us further understand the British School of IPE.