Improved Food Availability for Food Security in Asia-Pacific Region

提升糧食可利用性以促進亞太地區的糧食安全

Ray-Yu Yang ； Peter M Hanson

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 18卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 633-637

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2009.18.4.24

摘要

糧食安全意指所有人皆能獲得充足的食物而達到健康的生活。目前雖然有充足的糧食生產可供應全球人口，但仍有十億兩千萬的人口營養不良。在很多亞太地區的國家營養不良與長期食物缺乏的問題仍普遍存在，嚴重者甚至多達百分之二十到六十的國家人口無法滿足最低生理熱量需求。糧食安全主要取決於糧食供應，但是只靠糧食供應不見得能滿足所需的營養。有效的糧食安全，需要結合有效的食品、衛生及經濟體系，並充分考慮環境條件及因子。在短期內，欲改善亞太地區糧食安全的問題，低收入國家應著重於糧食生產體系之生產力提升以增加農戶及作物食品產銷人員的收入。從長遠來看，以生態導向的小型永續農業則為未來發展的重點。營養與衛生單位應重視並結合農政單位，推廣以糧食生產體系與膳食多樣化為基礎的營養策略，如此將有助於食品、作物多樣化，促進飲食均衡，最終改善大眾健康並永續發展。

關鍵字

營養不良 ； 糧食生產系統 ； 糧食安全體系 ； 永續農業

並列摘要

Food security requires that all people can access sufficient food for a healthy life. Enough food is produced to feed the global population, but more than 1.02 billion people are malnourished. Malnutrition and chronic food insecurity are widespread in some countries of the Asia-Pacific region; as much as 20 to 60 percent of the region's population lacks sufficient food to meet their minimum energy requirement. Food security greatly depends on food availability, although this alone is not sufficient to secure satisfactory nutritional status. Food security at the national level requires an effective framework of food, health, and economic systems coupled with awareness and consideration of environmental conditions. To improve food availability and security in the short term, lower income countries should focus on increasing productivity in the food system to generate higher incomes for workers on-farm and off-farm in the food chain. Over the long term, sustainable and small-scale farming based on ecologically viable systems should be the emphasis for agricultural development. Nutrition and health sectors should help promote food-based approaches that lead to diversification of crops, balanced diets, and ultimately better health.

並列關鍵字

food-based nutrition ； food system ； food security framework ； sustainable agriculture ； malnutrition