臺灣地區國有林之森林火分析（1963-1991年）

Analysis of Fires in National Forests in Taiwan (1963-1991)

林朝欽(Chau-Chin Lin)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 7卷2期 (1992/06) Pp. 169-178

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.199206.0169

摘要

本研究分析1963-1991年臺灣地區國有林所發生森林火之空間、時間分佈、發生原因及燃燒面積。
根據林務局1963-1991年間之森林火紀錄，國有林區共發生森林火738次，平均每年25.44次，主要分佈在南投(25.47%)、東勢(22.62%)、屏東(18.43%)等三林區；發生之時間以l~4月份較多，引起森林火原因幾乎全屬人為(735次99.59%)之開墾及縱火(329次44.71%)；每次燃燒面積以在10公頃以下者佔多數(51.36%)。本研究亦討論國有林森林火與森林植群、氣候之關係，以及較易發生森林火之敏感地帶。並對防火宣傳之研究、森林火紀錄資料登錄之改善提出多項建議。

關鍵字

國有林 ； 林區 ； 事業區 ； 森林火分佈 ； 森林火原因 ； 森林火燃燒面積 ； 森林火敏感地區

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to establish the chronological data base about the forest fires occurred in Taiwan area, so as to analyze the distribution and causes of the forest fire and the resulted burned area.
According to the fire reports 738 forest fires occurred in national forests between 1963-1991 and averaged 25.44 fires per year. These fires mainly occurred in Nan-tou District (25.47%), Tung-shih District (22.62%) and Ping-tung District (18.43%). Spring (January to April) was the most susceptible season to forest fires. Seven hundred and thirty five (99.59) forest fires were man-caused, among which land clearing and incendiarism (44.71%) were the leading two factors. Fifty one point thirty six percent fires burnt less than 10 ha. Effects of forest types and climate on the occurrence of forest fire and the susceptible areas to fire are also discussed. Ways to improve the fire prevention program and related researches are proposed. The author also suggest that parameters such as microclimate data should be added to the forest fire database of the Taiwan Forest Bureau.

並列關鍵字

National Forest ； District ； Working Circle ； Forest Fire Distribution ； Cause ； Burned Area ； Fire Sensitive Area