市售雞精對環境致突變物之抗突變性

以安氏試驗法(Ames test)探討市售雞精對各種環境致突變物之抗突變性，並以氣相層析法(Gas chromatography)分析雞精中梅納反應產物(Maillard reaction products, MRPs)之種類與含量，以暸解MRPs在雞精抗突變作用上所扮演之角色。六種市售雞精濃縮物(chicken-essence concentrate, CEC)或其二氯甲烷萃取物(dichloromethane extract of chicken-essence, DECE)對間接型致突變物2-amino-3-methylimidazo 〔4,5-f〕 quinoline (IQ)、3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido 〔4,3-b〕 indole (Trp-P-2)與benzo〔α〕pyrene (B〔α〕P)之致突變性均呈劑量關係的抑制，但對直接型致突變物l-nitropyrene (l-NP)與4-nitroquinoline-l-oxide (4-NQO)卻不具抑制作用。CEC抑制50％致突變性所需之劑量分別為IQ, 4.2~152.8 mg/plate; Trp-P-2, 7.9~199.3 mg/plate; B〔α〕P, 12.1~301.9 mg/plate，而DECE則分別為IQ, 16.2~296.3 μg/plate; Trp-P-2, 40.2~344.2 μg/plate; B〔α〕P, 94.2~510.2 μg/plate。以GC-MS分析鑑定MRPs之結果，DECE中之主要MRPs有吡（口井）類(pyrazines)、噻唑類(thiazoles)、噻吩類(thiophenes)、呋喃類(furans)與其它等五大類，而其中以吡（口井）類、噻唑類與噻吩類之含量較高。各種MRPs中吡（口井）類、噻唑類與噻吩類大多能呈劑量關係的抑制IQ與Trp-P-2之致突變性，且MRPs與DECE之抑制作用均在於對致突變物在代謝活化路徑上之影響。

關鍵字

環境致突變物；梅納反應產物；雞精濃縮物；雞精二氯甲烷萃取物

並列摘要

Antimutagenicity of six commercial chicken-essences against environmental mutagens were investigated by Ames test. Kinds and amounts of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) in chicken-essences were analyzed by gas chromatography to clarify the role of antimutagenicity MRPs played in chicken-essences. Six chicken-essence concentrates (CEC) or their dichloromethane extracts (DECE) showed inhibition of the mutagenicity of indirect environmental mutagens such as 2-amino-3-methylimidazo 〔4,5-f〕 quinoline (IQ), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido 〔4,3-b〕 indole (Trp-P-2), and benzo〔α〕pyrene (B〔α〕P), but contrarily had no effect on direct environmental mutagens such as 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO). The doses of 50% inhibition (ID50) of CEC were 4.2~152.8 mg/plate for IQ, 7.9~199.3 mg/plate for Trp-P-2, 12.1~301.9 mg/plate for (B〔α〕P), respectively, while those of DECE were 16.2~296.3 μg/plate for IQ, 40.2~344.2μg /plate for Trp-P-2, 94.2~510.2 μg /plate for (B〔α〕P), respectively. The results of GC-MS revealed that pyrazines, thiazoles, thiophenes, furans and the five major kinds of MRPs in DECE, and among them pyrazines, thiazoles and thiophenes higher in amount. Moreover, among various MRPs, pyrazines, thiazoles and thiophenes all showed inhibition of mutagenicity of IQ as well as Trp-P-2 in a dose-dependent manner, and it was the metabolic activation pathway of mutagens that were inhibited.

並列關鍵字

environmental mutagens ； Maillard reaction products ； chicken-essence concentrates ； dichloromethane extracts of chicken-essence

國際替代計量

市售雞精對環境致突變物之抗突變性

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