飼糧添加蜂膠萃取物對臺灣土雞生長性能、屠體性狀及免疫反應之影響

Effects of supplemental taiwanese propolis extract on growth, carcass characteristics and immune response in Taiwan native chicken

施柏齡(Bor-Lin Shih) ； 范耕榛(Geng-Jen Fan)

《畜產研究》 49卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 60-67

摘要

本試驗目的為探討飼糧添加蜂膠萃取物對臺灣土雞生長、屠體性狀及免疫反應之影響。使用312隻一日齡初生畜試土雞，公母各半，分成4組，分別為1.對照組：於各生長階段飼糧中不添加抗生藥物及球蟲藥；2.添加100 ppm臺灣蜂膠酒精萃取物；3.添加200 ppm臺灣蜂膠酒精萃取物；4.添加羥四環素150 mg／kg。各處理組有3重複，每重複使用雞隻26隻進行試驗，試驗期間飲水與飼料均採任食。結果顯示，土雞採食量於生長全期各飼糧處理組之間並無顯著差異；採食添加蜂膠萃取物及藥物組雞隻，顯著較對照組，提高增重、有較佳的飼料轉換率及育成率（P＜0.05）。土雞屠宰率以餵飼添加200 ppm蜂膠萃取物飼糧組，顯著較其他處理組高（P＜0.05），屠體腹脂率則以100 ppm蜂膠添加組顯著最低（P＜0.05）。4週齡時十二指腸絨毛高度及周長，以採食含蜂膠萃取物處理組顯著高於藥物組（P＜0.05）；8週齡時十二指腸絨毛高度、周長及絨毛高度與腺窩深度比例，以200 ppm蜂膠萃取物及藥物組明顯較對照組高（P＜0.05）；16週齡之十二指腸絨毛長度，以添加200 ppm蜂膠萃取物組顯著較長（P＜0.05）。以PHA誘導皮膚腫脹評分顯示，添加蜂膠萃取物處理組顯著高於對照組（P＜0.05），新城雞病（ND）抗體力價則以採食含200 ppm蜂膠萃取物組及藥物組顯著較高（P＜0.05）。綜上所述，土雞以餵飼含100 ppm或200 ppm蜂膠萃取物可提高生長性能、屠宰率、十二指腸絨毛發育與免疫能力。

關鍵字

生長性能 ； 免疫反應 ； 土雞 ； 臺灣蜂膠萃取

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Taiwan propolis extract on the growth performances, carcass characteristics and immune response for the Native chickens. A total of three hundred and twelve day-old Native chickens were randomly allocated with equal sex in to four groups each group has three replicates as the treatments are (1) basal diet (control); (2) addition of 100 ppm Taiwanese propolis extract (TPE); (3) addition of 200 ppm TPE; (4) addition of 125 ppm oxytetracycline as drug treatment. Feed and water are supplied ad libitum. Results showed that feed intake did not affect among these treatments during the experimental period. The chicken fed the TPE had significantly higher weight gain, survival rate and feed conversion ratio when compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The chicken fed the 200 ppm or 100 ppm TPE had significantly higher dressing percentage or lower Abdominal fat percentage, respectively (P ＜ 0.05). The birds fed the 200 ppm TPE had increased villous height and perimeter at 8 weeks of age (P ＜ 0.05). Meanwhile, drug and TPE 200 ppm group had significantly higher villous height and crypt ratio at 16 weeks of age (P ＜ 0.05). The PHA score was significantly higher by feeding TPE. However, ND antibody titer was increased for those chicken supplementation of TPE and drug groups than that of control group. In conclusion, the growth, dressing percentage, villi growth and immune response of the Native chickens could be improved by the supplementation of 100 ppm or 200 ppm TPE.

並列關鍵字

Growth performances ； Immune response ； Native chicken ； Taiwan propolis extract