飼糧混合濕高粱酒糟對雄黑羽土雞生長性能、腸道性狀、血液生化值與免疫球蛋白濃度之影響

Effects of diet mixed wet sorghum distillery residue on growth performance, intestinal characteristics, blood parameters, and immunoglobulin concentration in male Taiwan black feather native chickens

陳盈豪(Yieng-How Chen) ； 施柏齡(Bor-Ling Shih) ； 林炳宏(Ping-Hung Lin)

《畜產研究》 51卷4期 (2018/12) Pp. 272-285

摘要

本研究旨在探討飼糧混合濕高粱酒糟（wet sorghum distillery residue, WSDR）對黑羽土雞生長性能、腸道性狀、血液生化值與免疫球蛋白濃度之影響。試驗選用240隻7週齡雄黑羽土雞，體重在1,041－1,093 g之間，分成4組，分別餵飼以基礎飼糧額外混合0（對照組）、15、30或45%之WSDR，試驗期為8週，每2日測量採食量與每週秤量體重，並於雞隻9與15週齡時，分別進行採血與犧牲採樣。結果顯示，試驗全期（7－15週齡）在基礎飼糧添加30或45% WSDR處理組之隻日增重比對照組顯著較低（P ＜ 0.05），雞隻之隻日增重隨飼糧WSDR添加量之增加呈線性下降，而飼料採食量隨飼糧WSDR添加量之增加呈線性增加。飼料轉換率在添加30%以上之WSDR組則顯著變差（P ＜ 0.05）。各處理組雞隻之十二指腸、空腸與迴腸長度與重量並無顯著差異。在15週齡，雞隻紅血球總數隨飼糧WSDR添加量之增加而線性下降（P ＜ 0.05）。血清尿酸濃度在9週齡，麩胺酸丙酮酸轉胺酶（glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT）活性在15週齡時，隨飼糧WSDR使用量之增加而線性下降（P ＜ 0.05）。試驗雞隻在肥育期血清中IgG濃度以基礎飼糧額外添加30% WSDR處理組比對照組為高（P ＜ 0.05）。綜合上述，雖在基礎飼糧額外添加30% WSDR可提高15週齡雞隻血清IgG濃度，惟整個試驗期中基礎飼糧額外添加15%以上WSDR會使雞隻之隻日增重下降。但基礎飼糧額外添加15% WSDR組之隻日採食量、飼料轉換率、血清GPT活性、血清尿酸濃度均與對照組間並無差異。因此，從雄臺灣黑羽土雞整個試驗期之生長性狀、紅血球相及血液生化值的結果來評估，基礎飼糧添加WSDR的含量以不超過15%為宜。

關鍵字

高粱酒糟 ； 黑羽土雞 ； 生長 ； 腸道 ； 血液生化值

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet mixed with wet sorghum distillery residue (WSDR) on growth performance, intestinal characteristics, blood parameters, and immunoglobulin concentration of male Taiwan black feather native chickens. A total of two hundred and forty black feather native chickens, 7 week of age (average body weight 1,041- 1,093 g), were divided into 4 groups. The chickens were provided with basal diets mixed with 0%, 15%, 30% and 45% WSDR, respectively. The trial lasted for 8 weeks. Feed intake were measured every two days, and body weight measured weekly. The chickens were sacrificed and blood samples were collected on 9th, 15th week of age. Results showed that the feeding diet mixed with 30% and 45% WSDR significantly reduced daily weight gain (P ＜ 0.05). The daily weight gain of chicken were linearly decreased with the increase of the WSDR; However, daily feed intake were adversely effected. Feed conversion ratio became worse when basal diet with supplemented with above 30% WSDR. There was not difference on the length and weight of duodenum, jejunum and ileum among the groups. The total erythrocytes in 15-week-old chickens decreased linearly along with the increase of wet sorghum distillery residue. The serum uric acid concentration and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity were linearly declined (P ＜ 0.05) with the increase of WSDR for the 9 and 15-week-old chickens. The serum IgG in the 30% wet sorghum distillery residue group was higher (P ＜ 0.05) than the control group on finisher period. In conclusion, chicken fed diet mixed with 30% WSDR could increase IgG concentration, and decrease daily weight gain for chicks fed diet with mixed above 15% WSDR in the entire trial period. Nevertheless, fed diet mixed 15% WSDR had no difference on daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, GPT activity and serum uric acid compared with the control group. In conclusion, these results suggest that the WSDR used in diet for male Taiwan black feather native chickens should not exceed 15%.

並列關鍵字

Wet sorghum distillery residue ； Native chickens ； Growth performance ； Intestinal characteristics ； Blood parameters