恆春地震對居民心理、社會、經濟之影響與災害減輕政策

The Impacts of Household's Psychology, Sociology and Economics by Hengchun Earthquake and the Disaster Mitigation Policy

李欣輯(Hsin-Chi Li) ； 廖楷民(Kai-Min Liao) ； 楊惠萱(Hui-Hsuan Yang) ； 郭彥廉(Yen-Lien Kuo)

《科技發展政策報導》 2期 (2009/03) Pp. 41-56

https://doi.org/10.6446/STPR.200903.0041

摘要

「2006年底於恆春外海發生芮氏規模7.0的強震，造成二死42傷及三棟民宅倒塌的災情。雖然此次恆春地震未有嚴重的大規模損害，但仍算是921地震之後，相當大的一次地震災害。為了能即時蒐集恆春地震對民眾造成的影響或衝擊，於地震發生後的半年內，國家災害防救科技中心隨即透過電訪方式進行關於社會、心理與經濟三面向的災後調查。本次電訪調查就抽樣部份以高雄縣、市和屏東縣為調查範圍，共訪問了1,173戶，在95%信心水準之下，抽樣誤差約為±2.92%；就非抽樣部份（依受災名冊撥打）152戶，扣除無電話登記戶，共需撥打128戶，最後完訪37戶。經由經濟、心理與社會的分析，我們可以對恆春地震的災後影響有了初步的結論。在統計所有受損家戶之損失金額，平均每戶損失約70萬元（人力資本加人造資本）。整體的分析結果，發現不論災難造成經濟或心理上的負向影響大小，親人、鄰里與朋友互相連繫及關心、信仰行為等，都是相當重要的社會支持系統，在不同層次上，安撫受災民眾在身體、心理與經濟上的損害情況。最後，本研究亦針對這些影響提出相關的災害減輕政策，包括風險溝通、家戶減災、土地利用管理、地震保險等政策，此研究成果可提供給政府相關單位，作為規劃未來因應大規模地震之減災政策參考。

關鍵字

災害調查 ； 損失估算 ； 風險知覺 ； 社會衝擊 ； 減災政策

並列摘要

A Richter scale 7.0 earthquake took place on the sea nearby Hengchun at the end of 2006, caused 2 casualty, 42 injuries and 3 buildings collapsed disaster. Although this earthquake didn't cause a large-scale damage, it was still a serious earthquake event after 921 earthquake. We conducted a telephone survey about the earthquake impacts on social, psychological and economic aspects within half year after the shock. The telephone survey took Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County and Pingtung County as to investigate area, and totally has 1,173 random samples, under 95% level of confidence, the sampling error is ±2.92%. The survey also has 37 non-random samples which are the success samples of the official affected households, 152 in total. Based on the survey results, we found that the average loss of household is around 700,000 NTD, including human capital and man-made capital. In the social and psychological aspects, we found two important social supports as recovery resources of households, which were (1) assist/support from social network members (as relatives, friends or neighbors); (2)the faith or belief of religions. Finally, we provided some disaster mitigation policies based on these results, including risk communication, promoting household earthquake mitigation, land use management, earthquake insurance policy etc.

並列關鍵字

Earthquake Impacts Survey ； Loss Assessment ； Risk Perception ； Social Impacts ； Disaster Mitigation Policy