Sino-Russia Strategic Relations in The Early 21st Century On July 16 , 2001 , Jiang Zemin and Vladimir Putin signed in Moscow the ” Treaty of Good - Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation Between the People , 5 Republic of China and the Russian Federation ” . The treaty laida solid foundation for long - term political and strategical relations between the two countries , a milestone in Sino-Russia relations . The treaty sets fortha brand - new concept and abandons the old thinking about state relations(either alliance or hostility) . It fully represents the common interests of China and Russia in terms ofboth bilateral ties and international affoirs defining relations as a new type ” No alliance , no hostility , targeting no third countries ” . On this basis , it aims to develop good neighbor relations .