操作制約理論與榮譽榜制度之應用－簡介台大日間留院之茶會活動

The Operant Conditioning Therapy and Its Application in the Credits System: Introduction to the Tea Time Activity in the Day Care Center of NTUH Psychiatric Deparment

吳婉玲(Woan-Ling Wu) ； 褚增輝(Tsang-Fai Chu) ； 簡彩密(Tsae-Mih Jean)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 4卷 (1986/11) Pp. 35-44

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.1986.04.05

摘要

台大精神科日間留院應用行爲制約理論，設計榮譽榜制度，藉「嘉獎」、「榮譽卡」等爲增强物來鼓勵病人凖時出席和積極參與治療性活動，並在每週「茶會」活動中公佈榮譽榜成績。本文亦對茶會活動之進行及其目的加以介紹。作者爲了更進一步了解榮譽榜制度對病人之制約效用而自行設計了一份問卷調查表，合乎條件者共32名。調查結果顯示：大部份病人喜歡、贊成榮譽榜制度；87%病人認爲自己出席情形及參與活動之表現有進步。另從臨床觀察，也覺得病人之出席率，活動參與有所改善，且與問卷結果相符，此說明了榮譽榜制度具有制約效果。

並列摘要

The ”credits System” based on the behavior operant conditioning theory was designed and practiced in the Day Care Center of NTUH Psychiatric Department. In this program, the patients were encouraged by secondary reinforcers to attend hospitial regularly and participate in activities actively. The credits system scores were announced at the ”tea time” weekly. The process and purpose of tea time are introduced in this article. For the purpose of understanding the conditioning effect of the credits system on patients, the authors designed ”a credits system questionnaire” that was given to 32 psychiatric inpatients of NTUH were invested. The answer showed that most patients approved of the credits system; 87% considered themselves improved in the frequency of arriving at the hospital on time and the performance of activities. Clinical observation also showed the patients attended the hospital more regularly and were involved in activities more progressively. Thus, by both questionnaire and observation, the credits system was proven effectiveness.

並列關鍵字

operant conditioning ； credits system ； token economy ； reinforcement