謝勒的現象學社會學

The Phenomenological Sociology as Appropriated by Max Scheler

關永中(Carlo Kwan)

《哲學與文化》 31卷5期 (2004/05) Pp. 157-171

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200405.0157

摘要

謝勒名著《知識社會學》一書是謝氏晚期作品中的一份重要典藉。若要較深入地體會其「知識社會學」一辭之義蘊，我們須首先追問三個基本問題：（一）謝勒所指的「社會學」為何？（二）謝勒所指的「知識」為何？（三）謝勒所指的「知識社會學」為何？於此，為了要證清上述的第一個問題，我們自覺有必要在此申述謝勒所心儀的「現象社會學」之大略，以與一般的「實證科學社會學」劃分，也藉此交待謝氏現象學之底蘊，及其與胡塞爾現象學在理想、核心義、和方法論上之異同。

關鍵字

社會學 ； 現象學 ； 實證科學 ； 意向性 ； 方法 ； 心態 ； 還原

並列摘要

Methodologically speaking, Scheler's approach to sociology is different from that of the sociologists who uphold empirical science as their model. Being a phenomenologist himself, Scheler adopts the Phenomenological Method in his investigations of social phenomena of human community. In our presentation of the Phenomenological Sociology as appropriated by Scheler, we attempt to pinpoint the main outlines in Scheler’s methodological approach. We also try to make a comparision between Scheler and Husserl on the way they understand about phenomenology with regard to its ideal, its core meaning, and its methodology.

並列關鍵字

Sociology ； Phenomenology ； Empirical Science ； Intentionality ； Method ； Attitude ； Reduction

參考文獻

Scheler, Max,William W. Holdheim(Trans.)(1961).Ressentiment.New York:the Free Press of Glencoe.

Scheler, Max,Manfred Frings(Trans.),Roger Funk(Trans.)(1973).Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values.Evanston:Northwestern University Press.

Scheler, Max,Peter Heath(Trans.)(1954).The Nature of Sympathy.New York:Yale University Press.

Scheler, Max(1972).On the Eternal in Man. Translated by Bernard Noble.Hamden:Archon Book.

Scheler, Max,Kenneth W. Stikkers(Ed.)(1980).Problems of a Sociology of Knowledge. Translated by Manfred Frings.London:Routledge & Kegan Paul.