Theology was taken as a positive science regulated by philosophy in the first phase of Heidegger's thinking, but was grasped and realized as the structure of a priori- transcendental dichotomy in and fundamental mechanism of metaphysics. In both phases, his theological concerns and criticism of Western metaphysics are closely related, focusing on the relationship between philosophy and theology. The central point of Heidegger's deliberations on theology can be summarized in two questions: At the end of philosophy and after the decline of theology, and in our post-metaphysical era, is a non-philosophical thinking still possible? And what does it do if it is the case?