範疇與藝境：文人詩畫美學與藝術價值之反思

Category and Art-field： Re-thinking the Aesthetic-Art Value of "Chinese Literati Painting"

劉千美(Johanna Liu)

《哲學與文化》 35卷7期 (2008/07) Pp. 17-36

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200807.0017

摘要

本文主要針對古典文人所從事之詩、書、畫之雅事活動、其中所蘊含之「範疇」與「藝境」議題，重新思考其美學研究之涵義。首先反省「文人畫」範疇界定之方法學意義的問題，其次回顧並分析20世紀初有關「文人畫」價值的爭議，指出其間除了涉及革新與傳統之爭，更是關於以「文人」一辭做為一種範疇的恰當意義之爭，甚至涉及「文人」作為藝術範疇其背後所隱含之「藝」的概念內涵的爭論，包括社會功能、人文價值、存在意義等。第三探討「文人畫」作為藝術範疇的歷史語境與文化指涉的問題。檢討「文人畫」一詞作為歸類的範疇，是否具有指涉存有、辨識具體作品真實存在的功能？是否為具有文化指涉意義的歸類範疇？「文人畫」一辭是否指向藝術的原生事實？或者「文人畫」乃是歷史語境中的價值語詞？最後討論詩書畫範疇歸類的界域問題，以及由此而衍生之古典文藝的美學範疇與藝境問題。

關鍵字

範疇 ； 藝境 ； 文人畫 ； 藝術價值 ； 詩畫同體 ； 簡與逸

並列摘要

This paper aims to discuss the aesthetic issues of Chinese literati art activities, focusing on the aesthetic meaning of categories functioning as art-field in literati poetry and painting. The first step is to rethink the problematic in methodology to define wen ren hua [literati's painting] as a category of Chinese art. The second step consists to review the art and literary debates, between reformists and traditionalist of the early 20th century, on the aesthetic values of wen ren hua. It will clarify the connotation of wen ren hua as art category and to see how it operates behind the controversies as conceptual frames, accepted from the West. The third, the paper will examine the aesthetic meanings of wen ren hua as art category in the historical context of Chinese literati art theory, to see how the term functions as indication of artistic value, as well as reference of cultural facts. The fourth, will analyze the multiple meanings of ”ut pictura poesis” in Chinese literati Art theories. The paper will point out that the specificity of wen ren hua as art consists in continuously going beyond the boundaries of given art categories, and claim that the aesthetic category of jian (simplicity) and yi (beyond) in Chinese literati art does not function as classification of genres, but works as way to show poetry and painting as art field.

並列關鍵字

Category ； Art-field ； Aesthetic-Art Value ； Literati ； painting ； ut pictura poesis in Chinese art ； Simplicity and Beyond

參考文獻

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