論“寫意”與“詩畫融通”之關聯性

On the Relations between the Description of Concept and the Fusion of Poetry and Painting

李百容(Bai-Rung Lee)

《元培學報》 12期 (2005/12) Pp. 125-144

https://doi.org/10.30171/JYUST.200512.0010

摘要

詩是詩，畫是畫，詩畫各具專擅之象意媒介，本不能互相取代。然中國詩人與畫家則因「出位之思」而使「詩畫融通」產生了可能性，並由此發展出異於西方詩畫之特殊藝術形式，而「寫意」即是「詩畫融通」發展過程中的關鍵因素之一。「寫意」一詞實涉及創作論及鑑賞論，筆者於此僅就創作論來探討其與「詩畫融通」之關聯，目的在說明詩畫理論皆重視創作者能感能寫之審美意興的表現。透過詩畫出位、繪畫詩化來探究詩畫家由寫實到寫意的追求；透過詩畫意境皆以表現「逸」為最高境界，來說明「寫意」於「詩畫融通」之創作表現 。由此詩畫藝術基於創作心理及表現的合流，「詩畫融通」乃蔚為有源可溯的歷史事實，文人畫可說即為其發展歷程的結果。因此，中國「詩畫融通」不但不僭越詩畫象意媒介的藝術特質或使其中之一淪為附庸，且反而深化凸顯中國詩畫藝術精神的特色，此為本文論述之主旨。

關鍵字

寫意 ； 意境 ； 詩畫融通 ； 文人畫論

並列摘要

Poetry and Painting, in principle, cannot be replaced by each other, because each one has its own specific manner of expressions. But the fusion of poetry and painting was possible for the Chinese Poets and Painters by the ”alternative of poetry or painting”, they created by this way a specific manner of art very different from the western poetry and painting. The ”Description of Concept” is one of the main elements in the process of configuration of the fusion of poetry and painting. The ”Description of Concept” concerns the creativity and the appreciation. My paper will focus on the fusion of poetry and painting and their relations by the creativity only. By the alternative of poetry or painting, the poetized painting to study for what a poet-painter searches from realism to description of concept; by the expression of ”Yi” (drifting aloof) as the supreme State of Ideas to explain how the ”Description of Concept” does in the creation of ”the Fusion of Poetry and Painting”. The art of Poetry-Painting was established at the confluence of the creative psychology and the artistic expression. It was a historic reality for the ”Fusion of Poetry and Painting” and the literati painting, a result in such process. Therefore, the Chinese ”Fusion of Poetry and Painting” does not lose its character of image and subjectivity but makes them deeper and brings out the spirits of Chinese art. It is also the main purpose of my paper.

並列關鍵字

Description of Concept ； State of Idea ； the Fusion of Poetry and Painting ； Essay on literati paintings