《周易參同契》的天道思想及其易學方法的繼承

《周易參同契》強調「大易」、「黃老」與「爐火」之間的關係乃是「三道由一，俱出徑路」（〈大易情性第八十五〉），其意在以魏伯陽所承續秦漢之際以來的黃老學風，與其時充滿象數對應之易學符號學方法，來證成其修真之學。其將丹道與易理結合的作法，使金丹術提升到具有理論系統的高度，指導了兩千年來有志於登真的修道者煉養之工夫，此實是魏伯陽在《周易》礎石上所開展出的一項偉大成就。基於對此學中易學方法的理論興趣，本文在紹述是書題旨後，將依序討論魏氏的修真之學所擘劃的天地大宇宙，與身體、鼎爐小宇宙的造化形構；並以此中對氣化宇宙論與「精氣」思想的繼承，暫時收斂歷代修真學者對「外煉」與「內養」等方法的爭論。在論至其學對漢代易學方法的繼承上，本文亦從「精氣」概念的探源著手，旁及《周易》、《老子》的形上學方法，探論其所繼承的方法論的意義。

關鍵字

周易參同契；精氣；道家；黃老學；易經

並列摘要

The Cantong qi emphasizes the relationships between ＂Da Yi＂, ＂Huang Lao＂, and ＂Lu Huo＂ as ＂three ways from one source, all out of the same route＂ (Chapter 85: Da Yi Nature) with the purpose for justifying its theory for comprehension with Qin Han period's Huang Lao style of study inherited by Wei Bo-yang, and the Yi-ology semiotics methodology full of the matching between symbols and mathematics. Combining Dandao and Yi-ology, the Cantong qi promoted alchemy to a theoretical height, and provided guidance for the ascetics, who devoted for comprehension, in the following two thousand years. This great achievement attributed to Wei Boyang's development based on Chou Yi. Based on the interest at learning Yiology, this article is going to discuss the big universe scratched by Wei's theory for comprehension, and the structure of the body and pots' small universe, and its inheritance of Ether transformation cosmology and the vital essence thought after briefing the points of this book, with less emphasis on the debates about ＂external refining＂ and ＂internal cultivation.＂ As to the discussion about Wei' inheritance from the Yi-ology method in Han Dynasty, this article also use the concept of ＂vital essence＂ as well as the Metaphysics methods of Chou Yi and Laozi to explore the significance of the methodological heritage.