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海德格爾與奧古斯丁的恐懼詮釋

Heidegger and Augustine's Interpretation of Fear

摘要


奥古斯丁認為,奴性的恐懼是對初人的不服從的正義懲罰,潔淨的恐懼則是上帝的恩賜。海德格爾將前者解釋為以世界為導向的世界的恐懼,將後者解釋為以自身為導向的自身的恐懼。奥古斯丁所說的奴性的恐懼、海德格爾所說的恐懼均對應於以世界為家的非本真的生存方式,潔淨的恐懼與焦慮則對應於本己能在之可能性的本真生存方式。二人均表示,「奴性的恐懼」或「恐懼」是失落于世界中的人所無從逃避的。但是,在表面的一致性之下,奥古斯丁將洁净的恐惧及本真生存的驅動力排他性地系之於上帝,海德格爾則倾向于将焦虑系之於此在自身的生存。

關鍵字

奴性的恐懼 潔淨的恐懼 恐懼 焦慮 世界 自身 上帝

並列摘要


For Augustine, the servile fear is a just retribution which the first human beings received for their disobedience, while the clean fear is a gift from God. Heidegger interprets the former as the world-oriented worldly fear, and the latter selfly fear which directs toward the self. The concept of servile fear and that of fear are separately used by them as signifying the unauthentic way of experiencing the world as home, while anxiety and clean fear are referred to as revealing the possibility of an authentic potentiality-of-being. They both argues that the servile fear or fear is unavoidable since we are always lost in the world. Even though they may have so much in common, Augustinian clean fear and authentic existence exclusively come from God, and Heidegger tends to tie the anxiety to the existence of the self of Dasein.

並列關鍵字

Servile Fear Clean Fear Fear Anxiety World Self God

參考文獻


(德)海德格爾,《存在與時間》,熊偉、陳嘉映譯,北京:三聯書店,1999。
(德)海德格爾,《時間概念史導論》,歐東明譯,北京:商務印書館,2010。
(德)海德格爾,《宗教生活現象學》,歐東明、張振華譯,北京:商務印書館,2018。
(德)海德格爾,《尼采》上冊,孫周興譯,北京:商務印書館,2014。
(德)海德格爾,《路標》,孫周興譯,北京:商務印書館,2010。

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