抗戰時期西南運輸的發展與困境－以滇緬公路為中心的探討（1938-1942）

對日抗戰期間，由於中國軍需、物資均有賴進口，土產原料則亟待出口以換取外匯。因此維持暢通的國際路線，在戰前戰時都備受敵對的中、日雙方注意。故本文主旨，是試圖透過1937年10月國民政府軍事委員會所設「西南進出口物資運輸總經理處」，和1940年4月成立的「軍事委員會運輸統制局」之工作，就當年滇緬公路的路政和困難、與重慶政府的搶運措施，作一初探。全文分為5節，除前言、結論外，將敘述西南運輸的重要性、抗戰時期西南運輸體系之沿革、軍委會運輸統制局的角色。路政方面，將探討滇緬公路運輸遲滯的實況，以及珍珠港事變後，重慶政府在緬甸的搶運行動等。史料方面，除了盡量利用各方庋藏外，國防部軍事情報局新近解密的《戴公遺墨》和《軍事委員會運輸統制局會報紀錄》等檔案，也都將是本文引據的重要來源。

關鍵字

西南進出口物資運輸總經理處；軍事委員會運輸統制局；滇緬公路；抗戰時期交通；戴笠

並列摘要

Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1937, the military administration of both China and Japan had paid their attention to the control of international lines into China, for the import of the Chinese military supplies and the commodities from overseas and the export of local raw materials would have to depend on these routes.The primary intention of this article is aimed to analyze the works of the Head Office of Southwest Import-export Commodity Transport Management, the Transport Administration Bureau of Military Committee and the role of Dai Li, the vice director Bureau of Investigation and Statistics. Moreover, this article will also deal with the evolution of the Burma Road administration, the sluggish state of southwest transportation, and the contribution of Dai Li to rush the delivery of strategic materials during the wartime and so on.