《墨子．小取》的名辯思想－自「思言行」行動觀點的考察

The Ming Pien Thought in Mo Tzu Hsiao Chu

孫長祥(Chang-Hsiang Sun)

《華岡文科學報》 23期 (1999/03) Pp. 267-324

https://doi.org/10.6361/HKJH.199903.0267

摘要

本論文主要是從「思言行」三者一貫的行動觀點出發，將《墨子．小取》納入墨辯的系統中，重新考察其中與方法論、哲學邏輯有關的名辯思想。全文分為三大部分：一、前言：關於《墨經》典《小取》內容研究的省思。二、本 論：《小取》的名辯思想一從行動觀點的哲學性考察，共分為二段：(一)、《小取》論辯背景的哲學性考察； (二)、從「思言行」行動觀點的論辯，主要分成五項說明：1.立辭－對「行動」談辯命題化的要求與目的；2.命題化「立辭」的基本原則； 3.命題化「立辭」的要件與過程分析； 4.行辭論辯推止的基本類型與運用：對「或假效辟侔援推」的辨析與解釋；5.行辭類例舉隅－以相異性為主的分析。三、結論：總結前文，擇要對《小取》名辯思想加以回顧與批評，並說明其對中國名辯思想的貢獻。

關鍵字

墨辯 ； 小取 ； 行動 ； 命題化立辭 ； 行辭 ； 類 ； 故 ； 同異

並列摘要

This paper, starting at the viewpoint of unified cognition, language and action, attempts to reduce the Mo Tzu Hsiao Chu into the system of Mo Pien and elucidates the Ming Pien thought that is relevant to the methodology and philosophical logic in Hsiao Chu. This paper is divided into three parts: I.Preface: to derive the viewpoint from the general studies on Mo Ching and Hsiao Chu. 2.Content:from the viewpoint of action philosophy to discuss the Mo Pien thought in Hsiao Chu. Firstly to point out the philosophical background of discussing Hsiao Chu; secondly to interpret unified cognition, language and action in Hsiao Chu: (l) Lie Tzu: point out the need and purpose of setting up a propositIOn to the topic.(2) Primary principle of setting up a proposition.(3) The elements of proposition and the process of setting proposition. (4) The basic type and practice of Hsing Tzu, the distinguish and explanation about Huo, Chia, Hsiao,Pi, Mou, Yuan and Tui. (5) five set examples of Hsing Tzu: the analysis on differentiation. 3.Conclusion: to review and criticize the Mo Pien in Hsiao Chu as well as to elucidate the contribution of Hsiao Chu to Chinese Ming Pien thought.

並列關鍵字

Mo Pien ； Hsiao Chu ； action ； li tzu ； hsing tzu ； lei (kind) ； ku (reason, cause) ； tung yi (sameness and difference)